<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1900-6586</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Científica General José María Córdova]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Cient. Gen. José María Córdova]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1900-6586</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Escuela Militar de Cadetes "General José María Córdova"]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1900-65862025000100299</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21830/19006586.1467</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[United States' strategic shift and International Humanitarian Law: Implications for the Russia-Ukraine war]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[El cambio estratégico de Estados Unidos y el derecho internacional humanitario: implicaciones para la guerra entre Rusia y Ucrania]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gangi Guillén]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Giuseppe Kodjack]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Antonio Nebrija  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>49</numero>
<fpage>299</fpage>
<lpage>315</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1900-65862025000100299&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1900-65862025000100299&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1900-65862025000100299&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT. The Russia-Ukraine conflict, stemming from post-Soviet tensions, critically challenges International Humanitarian Law (IHL) and global stability. Russia's perception of Ukraine within its sphere of influence clashed with Ukraine's westward shift, particularly in the post-2014 Maidan Revolution. The 2022 full-scale invasion intensified the conflict, revealing IHL's limitations against hybrid warfare and inadequate international responses. This war has reshaped Eastern European security and global geopolitics, impacting the global economy. The 2025 Munich Security Conference symbolizes a crucial juncture: the potential for a new multipolar order fostering peace versus a protracted conflict redefining global power. This paper examines the role of IHL application, diplomatic negotiations, and emerging actors in seeking resolution. It explores whether these factors will lead to sustainable peace or a frozen conflict that will reshape the global power map for decades.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN. El conflicto entre Rusia y Ucrania, derivado de las tensiones postsoviéticas, supone un grave desafío para el Derecho Internacional Humanitario (DIH) y la estabilidad global. La percepción que Rusia tenía de Ucrania dentro de su esfera de influencia contrastó con su desplazamiento hacia el oeste, en particular tras la Revolución de Maidán de 2014. La invasión a gran escala de 2022 intensificó el conflicto, revelando las limitaciones del DIH frente a la guerra híbrida y las respuestas internacionales inadecuadas. Esta guerra ha transformado la seguridad de Europa del Este y la geopolítica global, impactando la economía global. La Conferencia de Seguridad de Múnich de 2025 simboliza una coyuntura crucial: el potencial de un nuevo orden multipolar que fomente la paz frente a un conflicto prolongado que redefina el poder global. Este artículo examina el papel de la aplicación del DIH, las negociaciones diplomáticas y los actores emergentes en la búsqueda de una solución. Explora si estos factores conducirán a una paz sostenible o a un conflicto estancado que transformará el mapa del poder global durante décadas.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[conflict]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[geopolitics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[International Humanitarian Law]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Russia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Ukraine]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[conflicto]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Derecho Internacional Humanitario]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[geopolítica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Rusia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Ucrania]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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