<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1900-6586</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Científica General José María Córdova]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Cient. Gen. José María Córdova]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1900-6586</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Escuela Militar de Cadetes "General José María Córdova"]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1900-65862025000400843</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21830/19006586.1565</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Application of Emerging Defence Technologies in Contemporary Warfare: Lessons Learnt and Prospects]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Aplicación de las tecnologías de defensa emergentes en la guerra contemporánea: lecciones aprendidas y perspectivas]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Upadhyaya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Shishir]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Rabdan Academy  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Abu Dhabi ]]></addr-line>
<country>United Arab</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>52</numero>
<fpage>843</fpage>
<lpage>858</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1900-65862025000400843&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1900-65862025000400843&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1900-65862025000400843&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT. This paper explores the ongoing revolution in military affairs and looks at the emerging de-fence technologies. It examines the application of technologies such as drones, precision munitions and artificial intelligence in recent and ongoing conflicts to identify their impact on contemporary military doctrine and strategy. The paper argues that because the new de-fence technologies have increased strike effectiveness leading to reduced collateral damage in short-duration conflicts, they seem to have lowered the threshold for warfare, driven by illusions of control. Here, the paper highlights significant ethical, legal, and strategic challenges. The article concludes by calling for doctrinal reform and international cooperation to ensure military innovation serves collective security and respects international law.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN. Este artículo examina las tecnologías de defensa emergentes, argumentando que crean una fuerza híbrida donde los nuevos sistemas inteligentes coexisten con equipos heredados modernizados. Tecnologías como los drones y las municiones de precisión han aumentado la efectividad de los ataques y reducido las bajas en conflictos de corta duración. La inteligencia artificial acelera la toma de decisiones (superciclo OODA), proporcionando una ventaja temporal e inestable. Sin embargo, esta proliferación parece haber disminuido el umbral para la guerra, impulsada por ilusiones de control. El artículo destaca importantes desafíos éticos, legales y estratégicos. Los riesgos clave incluyen errores de automatización, menor supervisión humana y escalada incontrolada, todo lo cual amenaza la estabilidad regional. El artículo concluye haciendo un llamado a la reforma doctrinal y la cooperación internacional para garantizar que la innovación militar sirva a la seguridad colectiva y respete el derecho internacional.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Artificial Intelligence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[defence technology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[drones]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[OODA loop]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[precision strikes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ataques de precisión]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[drones]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ciclo OODA]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[inteligencia artificial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tecnología de defensa]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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