<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1900-6896</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Colombiana de Bioética]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. colomb. bioét.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1900-6896</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad El Bosque]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1900-68962022000100114</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18270/rcb.v17i1.4046</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Ética de la edición genética en seres humanos]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Ethics of gene editing in humans]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Ética da edição genética no ser humano]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Penchaszadeh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Victor B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Tres de Febrero  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Buenos Aires ]]></addr-line>
<country>Argentina</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>114</fpage>
<lpage>125</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1900-68962022000100114&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1900-68962022000100114&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1900-68962022000100114&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Propósito/Contexto. Este artículo analiza aspectos éticos de la edición genética en seres humanos.  Metodología/Enfoque. Se describe el desarrollo de las principales aplicaciones de la tecnología genética en prevención, diagnóstico y terapéutica de enfermedades genéticas en las últimas décadas, culminando con la edición genética.  Resultados/Hallazgos. Se definen los principales aspectos éticos que presenta la edición genética somática y germinal en seres humanos, incluyendo cuestiones de seguridad, especificidad, precisión y certeza. Se critica la edición genética germinal y el concepto de "mejoramiento" humano por vulnerar la autonomía individual, generar cambios genéticos heredables en la progenie y aceptar la falacia del reduccionismo genético de que los rasgos de las personas dependen exclusivamente de la constitución genética, independiente del ambiente.  Discusión/Conclusiones/Contribuciones. La edición genética somática puede ser ética si se siguen las normas éticas de la investigación biomédica. Por el contrario, la edición genética germinal no es pertinente ni necesaria para el tratamiento de enfermedades genéticas y presenta graves conflictos éticos, por lo cual, previo a su aplicación es necesario un consenso social por discusiones democráticas, amplias y profundas entre todos los actores sociales involucrados, seguido de mecanismos de gobernanza con regulación robusta por parte del estado, que impidan la vulneración de derechos humanos fundamentales.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Purpose/Context. This article discusses ethical aspects of gene editing in humans.  Methodology/Approach. The main applications of genetic technology in the prevention, diagnosis and therapeutics of genetic diseases in recent decades, are described, culminating with genetic editing.  Results/Findings. The main ethical aspects of somatic and germline gene editing in humans are discussed, including issues of safety, specificity, precision and certainty. Germline genetic editing and human "enhancement" are criticized for violating individual autonomy, for generating heritable genetic changes in the progeny and for accepting the fallacy of genetic reductionism that people's traits depend exclusively on genetic makeup, independent of the environment.  Discussion/Conclusions/Contributions. Somatic gene editing can be ethical if the ethical standards of biomedical research are followed. However, germline genetic editing is not relevant nor necessary for the treatment of genetic diseases and, furthermore, it presents serious ethical conflicts. Therefore, prior to its application, a social consensus is necessary, obtained by democratic, broad and profound discussions among all the social players involved, followed by governance mechanisms with robust regulation by the state, which prevent the violation of fundamental human rights.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo  Finalidade/Contexto. Este artigo discute aspectos éticos da edição de genes em humanos.  Metodologia/Aproximação. Descreve o desenvolvimento das principais aplicações da tecnologia genética na prevenção, diagnóstico e terapia de doenças genéticas nas últimas décadas, culminando com a edição de genes.  Resultados/Descobertas. São definidos os principais aspectos éticos da edição de genes somáticos e da linha germinal no ser humano, incluindo questões de segurança, especificidade, precisão e exactidão. A edição genética da Germline e o conceito de "melhoramento" humano são criticados por violarem a autonomia individual, gerando alterações genéticas hereditárias nos descendentes e aceitando a falácia do reducionismo genético de que as características das pessoas dependem exclusivamente da sua constituição genética, independente do ambiente.  Discussão/Conclusões/Contribuições. A edição somática de genes pode ser ética se os padrões éticos da investigação biomédica forem seguidos. Pelo contrário, a edição genética na linha germinal não é relevante nem necessária para o tratamento de doenças genéticas e apresenta graves conflitos éticos. Por conseguinte, antes da sua aplicação, é necessário um consenso social através de discussões democráticas, amplas e profundas entre todos os actores sociais envolvidos, seguidas de mecanismos de governação com regulação robusta por parte do Estado, que impeçam a violação dos direitos humanos fundamentais.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ADN recombinante]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ARN]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[edición genética somática]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[edición genética germinal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[terapia génica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[bioética]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ética de la investigación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[enfermedades genéticas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[medio ambiente]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[reduccionismo genético]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[mejoramiento humano]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[derechos humanos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[recombinant DNA]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[RNA]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[somatic gene editing]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[germline gene editing]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[gene therapy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[bioethics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[research ethics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[genetic diseases]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[environment]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[gene reductionism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[human enhancement]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[human rights]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[ADN recombinante]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[RNA]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[edição de genes somáticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[edição de genes da linha germinal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[terapia genética]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[bioética]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[ética da investigação]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[doenças genéticas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[ambiente]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[reducionismo genético]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[melhoramento humano]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[direitos humanos]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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