<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2011-2084</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[International Journal of Psychological Research]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[int.j.psychol.res.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2011-2084</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad de Psicología. Universidad de San Buenaventura, Medellín]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2011-20842019000200082</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21500/20112084.4257</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Construction and Psychometric Properties of the Loneliness Scale in Adults]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Construcción y propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Soledad en adultos]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Auné]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sofía E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Facundo J.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Attorresi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Horacio F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Buenos Aires  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Buenos Aires ]]></addr-line>
<country>Argentina</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Argentina</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>82</fpage>
<lpage>90</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2011-20842019000200082&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2011-20842019000200082&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2011-20842019000200082&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract. The development procedure and the psychometric properties of the Buenos Aires Loneliness Scale (BALS) are presented. An initial set of 40 items was analyzed by means of the expert judgment method. After that, the 16 selected items were administered to a convenience sample comprised of 509 adult participants (53% of which were female). The Argentine version of the UCLA-LS (University of California Los Angeles Loneliness Scale), the Argentine version of the Balanced Inventory of Socially Desirable Responding, and loneliness self-perception questions were applied in conjunction with the BALS. Exploratory factor analysis showed evidence of unidimensionality, with an adequate internal consistency (alpha=.80, ordinal alpha=.87), and seven items were kept. Correlations with the criterion measures yielded the expected results and no gender-based differential item functioning was found. Conclusions were reached about the adequate psychometric properties of the BALS, the limitations of the present study, and the goals for future research.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Se presenta el procedimiento de construcción y las propiedades psicométricas de la escala de Soledad de Buenos Aires (ESBA). Se depuró un conjunto inicial de 40 ítems con el método de jueces expertos. Luego, los 16 reactivos conservados fueron administrados a una muestra por accesibilidad de 509 participantes adultos (53% fueron mujeres). Se aplicó en conjunto con la ESBA, la versión argentina de la Escala de Soledad de Los Ángeles California (UCLA-LS), la Versión Argentina del Inventario Balanceado de Respuestas Socialmente Deseables y preguntas de autopercepción de la soledad. El Análisis Factorial Exploratorio mostró evidencias de unidimensionalidad, con una consistencia interna adecuada (alfa=.80; alfa ordinal=.87) y se conservaron siete ítems. Las correlaciones con las medidas criterio arrojaron resultados esperables y no se halló funcionamiento diferencial del ítem por género. Se concluyó acerca de las adecuadas propiedades psicométricas de la ESBA, las limitaciones del presente estudio y metas para futuras investigaciones.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Loneliness]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Self-Perception of Social Isolation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Test Construction]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Soledad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[aislamiento social autopercibido]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[construcción de tests]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. J. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Auné]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lozzia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Attor- resi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The role of a central category among items in a confidence in mathematics scale]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Evaluar]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>18-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aiken]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Content validity and reliability of single items or questionnaires]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educational and Psychological Measurement]]></source>
<year>1980</year>
<volume>40</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>955-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aiken]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Three coefficients for analyzing the reliability and validity of ratings]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educational and Psychological Measurement]]></source>
<year>1985</year>
<volume>45</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>131-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Antoni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lutgendorf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cole]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dhabhar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sephton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McDonald]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sood]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The influence of bio-behavioural factors on tumour bi- ology: pathways and mechanisms]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nature Reviews Cancer]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>240-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Auné]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Attorresi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Argentine version of the happiness scale from lima]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Diversitas]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<month>a</month>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>201-14</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Auné]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Attorresi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effects of gender and education on happiness in argentinian adults]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Liberabit]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<month>b</month>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>169-88</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Auné]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Attorresi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Modelization of the UCLA loneliness scale according to the multidimensional item response theory]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Manuscript sent for peer review]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Badii]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guillen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lugo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garnica]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Non-parametric correlation and its application in scientific research]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Good Conscience]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>31-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beytía]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The singularity of Latin American patterns of happiness]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rojas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mariano]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Handbook of Happiness Research in Latin America]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<page-range>17-29</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Dordrecht, Holanda ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Springer]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cacioppo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hawkey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Perceived social isolation and cognition]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Trends Cogn Sci]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>447-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cacioppo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hawkley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ernst]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burleson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bertn- son]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nouriani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Spiegel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Loneliness within a nomological net: an evolutionary perspective]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Research in Personality]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>40</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>1054-85</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[flexmirt: Flexible multilevel item factor analysis and test scoring (Computer software)]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Seattle, WA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Vector Psychometric Group, LLC]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thissen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[du Toit]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Irtpro user&#8217;s guide]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lincolnwood, IL ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Scientific Software International]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caspi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harrington]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moffitt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Milne]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Poulton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Socially isolated children 20 years later: risk of cardiovascular disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Archives of Pediatrics and adolescent Medicine]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>160</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>805-11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Jong Gierveld]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kamphuis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The development of a rasch-type loneliness scale]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Applied Psychological Measurement]]></source>
<year>1985</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>289-99</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Jong Gierveld]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[van Tilburg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Manual of the loneliness scale. Manual of the Loneliness Scale]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[VU University Amsterdam, Department of Social Research Methodology]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Jong Gierveld]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[van Tilburg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A six-item scale for overall, emotional and so- cial loneliness: confirmative tests on new survey data]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Research on Aging]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>582-98</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Jong Gierveld]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[van Tilburg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dykstra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Loneliness and social isolation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cambridge Handbook of Personal Relationships]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<page-range>485-500</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge, UK ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DiTommaso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brannen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Best]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Measurement and validity characteristics of the short version of the social and emo- tional loneliness scale for adults]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educational and Psychological Measurement]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>64</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>99-119</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DiTommaso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Spinner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The develop- ment and initial validation of the social and emotional loneliness scale for adults (selsa)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Personality and Individual Differences]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>127-34</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Domínguez Lara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Reliability and ordinal alpha]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Actas Urológicas Españolas]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>140-1</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferrando]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lorenzo-Seva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[El análisis factorial exploratorio de los ítems: algunas consideraciones adicionales]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Anales de Psicología]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>1170-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferrando]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lorenzo-Seva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Program factor at 10: Origins, development and future directions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Psicothema]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>236-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hair]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anderson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tatham]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Black]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Análisis multivariante]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid, España ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Prentice Hall Iberia]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hawkley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hughes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Waite]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Masi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thisted]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cacioppo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[From social structural factors to perceptions of relationship quality and loneliness: the chicago health, aging, and social relations study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>63</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hawkley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thisted]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Masi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cacioppo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Loneliness predicts increased blood pressure: 5-year cross-lagged analyses in middle-aged and older adults]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Psychology and Aging]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>132-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Herlitz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wiklund]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caidahl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hartford]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Haglid]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Karlsson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Karlsson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[mortality]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[The]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>120-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Holt-Lunstad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stephenson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Loneliness and socialisolation as risk factors for mortality: a meta-analytic review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Perspectives on Psychological Science]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>227-37</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Korkmaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goksuluk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zararsiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mvn: An r package for assessing multivariate normality]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The R Journal]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>151-62</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Langer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A reexamination of lord&#8217;s wald test for differential item functioning using item response theory and modern error estimation (Unpub- lished doctoral dissertation)]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lozano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Cueto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of the number of response categories on the reliability and validity of rating scales]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Methodology]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>73-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mardia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Measures of multivariate skewnees and kurtosis with applications]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biometrika]]></source>
<year>1970</year>
<volume>57</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>519-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mikulic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crespi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caballero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Psychometric study of balanced inventory of desirable responding]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Anuario de Psicología]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>46</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mikulincer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shaver]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Mechanisms of social connection: From brain to group]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington, DC ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[American Psychological Association]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nausheen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gidron]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peveler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moss-Morris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Social support and cancer progression: a systematic review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Psychosomatic Research]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>67</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>403-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paulhus]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Manual for the balanced inventory of desirable responding (bidr-6)]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of British Columbia]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perissinotto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Covinsky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Living alone, socially isolated or lonely. what are we measuring?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of General Internal Medicine]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>1429-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perlman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peplau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Toward a social psychology of loneliness]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Personal relationships 3: Personal relationships in disorder]]></source>
<year>1981</year>
<page-range>31-43</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[London, UK ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Academic Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Russell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[UCLA-LS loneliness scale (version 3): Reliability, validity, and factor structure]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Personality Assessment]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>1429-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Russell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cutrona]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McRae]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gomez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Is loneliness the same as being alone?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Journal of Psychology]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>146</volume>
<numero>1-2</numero>
<issue>1-2</issue>
<page-range>7-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Russell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peplau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cutrona]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The revised UCLA-LS loneliness scale: Concurrent and discriminant validity evidence]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Personality and Social Psychology]]></source>
<year>1980</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>472-80</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Russell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peplau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferguson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Developing a measure of loneliness]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Personality Assessment]]></source>
<year>1978</year>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>290-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sacchi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Richaud de Minzi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La escala revisada de soledad de UCLA-LS: Una adaptación argentina]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Argentina de Clínica Psicológica]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>43-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Samejima]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estimation of latent ability using a response pattern of graded scores]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Psychometrika monograph supplement]]></source>
<year>1969</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>2</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sorkin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rook]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Loneliness, lack of emotional support, lack of companionship, and the likelihood of having a heart condition in an elderly sample]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Annals of Behavioral Medicine]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>290-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Segovia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Confidence intervals for the content validity: A visual basic computer program for the aiken&#8217;s v]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Anales de Psicología]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>169-71</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Timmerman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lorenzo-Seva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dimensionality assessment of ordered polytomous items with parallel analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Psychological Methods]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>209-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Van Orden]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Witte]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cukrowicz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Braithwaite]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Selby]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Joiner Jr.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The interpersonal theory of suicide]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Psychological Review]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>117</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>575-600</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weiss]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Loneliness: The experience of emotional and social isolation]]></source>
<year>1973</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge, MA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[MIT Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wilson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krueger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arnold]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schneider]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kelly]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barnes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bennett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Loneliness and risk of alzheimer disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Archives of General Psychiatry]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>64</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>234-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
