<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2027-4688</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Fronteras de la Historia]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Front. hist.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2027-4688</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Colombiano de Antropología e Historia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2027-46882017000100164</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Fiscalidad en Caracas, 1750-1845. Del reformismo borbonico al liberalismo de mediados de siglo]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Taxation in Caracas, 1750-1845. From Bourbon Reforms to Mid-Century Liberalism]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PINTO BERNAL]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JOSÉ JOAQUÍN]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Tolima  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ibagué ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>164</fpage>
<lpage>198</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2027-46882017000100164&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2027-46882017000100164&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2027-46882017000100164&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN El objetivo de este artículo es estudiar los cambios y las continuidades de la fiscalidad en Caracas entre 1750 y 1845, provocados por la política del Gobierno y las actividades económicas de la ciudad. Como producto de ello, se comprueba que la dependencia de los ingresos aduaneros no nace con el periodo republicano, sino que es pieza fundamental del ordenamiento previo a la Independencia, imposible de reconstruir entre 1810 y 1822 debido al desorden interno ocasionado por la guerra, estructura del ingreso que se reconfigura con las políticas fiscales establecidas por los Gobiernos de la República de Colombia y Venezuela. Por otra parte, se resalta la correlación existente entre el mantenimiento del orden político interno y el comportamiento del mercado externo afectado por los conflictos entre potencias o las crisis de la economía mundial, con lo cual se constata que la extracción del excedente durante el periodo colonial se fundó más en el mantenimiento de un intercambio comercial desigual que en las remisiones con destino a la metrópoli, fenómeno que continuó tras la liberación de la ciudad y que se incrementó debido al pago de deuda externa.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT The purpose of this article is to study the changes and continuities of taxation in Caracas between 1750 and 1845, caused by government policy and economic activities of the city. As a result of this, it has been found that the dependence on customs revenues are not born with the republican period, because this was fundamental in the colonial period; a structure that was impossible to reconstruct between 1810 and 1822 because of the war of independence and was only resto-red by the Governments of the Republic of Colombia and Venezuela. Moreover, it's remarkable the correlation between maintaining domestic political order and the behavior of the external market, noting that the extraction of surplus during the colonial period was founded more in the maintenance of unequal trade that in transfers of money to the metropolis. A phenomenon that continued after the liberation of the city and increased due to the payment of external debt.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Caracas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[fiscalidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Gobierno]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[guerra]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[historia económica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Venezuela]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Caracas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[taxation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Government]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[War]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[economic history]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Venezuela]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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