<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2346-3775</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Tropical Grasslands-Forrajes Tropicales]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Trop. Grassl.-Forrajes Trop.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2346-3775</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT)]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2346-37752019000300252</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17138/tgft(7)252-257</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Effectiveness of inoculation with rumen fluid containing Synergistes jonesii to control DHP toxicity in ruminants in eastern Indonesia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Efectividad de la inoculación con fluido ruminal conteniendo Synergistes jonesii para controlar la toxicidad de DHP en rumiantes en el este de Indonesia]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[HALLIDAY]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MICHAEL J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PAKERENG]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CHARLES]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[EDISON]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RESTI G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ARA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PUTRI]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DIDA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PHILIPS R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[NULIK]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JACOB]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[KANA HAU]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DEBORA]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MCMILLAN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HAYLEY E]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SHELTON]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. MAX]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,The University of Queensland School of Agriculture and Food Sciences ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Brisbane QLD]]></addr-line>
<country>Australia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,The University of New England School of Environmental and Rural Science ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Armidale NSW]]></addr-line>
<country>Australia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,The East Nusa Tenggara Assessment Institute for Agriculture Technology  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Kupang ]]></addr-line>
<country>Indonesia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>252</fpage>
<lpage>257</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2346-37752019000300252&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2346-37752019000300252&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2346-37752019000300252&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The feasibility and efficacy of inoculating with rumen fluid as a method to control hydroxypyridone (DHP) toxicity in ruminants on high leucaena diets in eastern Indonesia were investigated. Rumen fluid collected from 2 buffalo identified as &#8216;protected&#8217;, due to low levels of DHP excretion in urine, was orally administered to animals identified as &#8216;unprotected&#8217; and concentrations of urinary DHP monitored. Control animals were dosed with water only. Treatments were randomly allocated to 10 recipient animals: 3 goats and 7 cattle. All animals were fed a diet containing freshly cut 100% leucaena during the 18 day study period. Measurement of urinary DHP via colorimetric analysis commenced 8 days prior to animals being drenched with rumen fluid or water and continued for 10 days afterwards. Urinary DHP levels in animals that received the inoculum did not differ from those in the control group 10 days post-inoculation (mean 425 mg DHP/L; P = 0.50). Unexpectedly, DHP levels in all animals (rumen fluid and water) declined with time, although the difference did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.12), and remained above considered safe threshold levels. These results suggest that transfer of rumen fluid to overcome leucaena toxicity in animals in eastern Indonesia may not be effective despite great care having been taken to ensure the viability of the anaerobic organisms during the inoculation process; this methodology is also not a practical solution to replicate on a commercial scale. The findings suggest that inoculation may not be necessary if animals previously naïve to leucaena are able to adapt to DHP toxicity by other means.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Se investigó la viabilidad y la eficacia de la inoculación con líquido ruminal que contenía Synergistes jonesii como método para controlar la toxicidad de hidroxipiridona (DHP) en rumiantes que reciben dietas con altos porcentajes de leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala). Para el estudio, a animales (cabras y bovinos) identificados como &#8216;no protegidos&#8217; se les administró por vía oral líquido ruminal recolectado en dos búfalos identificados como &#8216;protegidos&#8217; de la toxicidad, debido a los bajos niveles de excreción de DHP en la orina. Además fueron incluidos animales testigo que se dosificaron solo con agua. Los tratamientos fueron aplicados en forma aleatoria a tres cabras y siete bovinos como receptores. Todos los animales recibieron una dieta de 100% de forraje de leucaena fresca. La medición de la DHP urinaria se hizo por colorimetría y comenzó 8 días antes de la administración del líquido ruminal o agua (testigo) a los animales y fue continuada durante 10 días posteriores. Diez días después de la inoculación, los niveles en orina de DHP (425 mg DHP/L) en animales que recibieron el inóculo no difirieron de los del grupo control (P = 0.50). En todos los animales se observó una tendencia a la reducción de DHP en orina a través del tiempo, aunque la diferencia respecto a los niveles antes de la inoculación no fue significativa (P = 0.12). Los niveles se mantuvieron por encima del nivel límite que se considera seguro. Estos resultados muestran que en el este de Indonesia la transferencia de fluido ruminal puede ser no eficaz si los animales, que nunca habían consumido leucaena, son capaces de adaptarse por otros medios a la toxicidad de DHP.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Dihydroxypyridine]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hydroxypyridone]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Leucaena leucocephala]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[mimosine]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[urine]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Dihidroxipiridina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hidroxipiridona]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Leucaena leucocephala]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[mimosina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[orina]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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