<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2462-8522</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Case reports]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Case reports]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2462-8522</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Sede Bogotá), Facultad de Medicina]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2462-85222021000100022</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15446/cr.v7n1.84156</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[SPONTANEOUS LUNG HERNIATION: A CASE REPORT]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gagliardo-Cadena]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Enrique Antonio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coronel-Ruilova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jhon Mauricio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vázquez-Tandazo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Guisseli Cristina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chusán-Cordovilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mayling Bethzabé]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chung-Villavicencio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Ramón]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Clínica San Francisco de Guayaquil  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Guayaquil ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital General Guasmo Sur  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Guayaquil ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil IESS Los Ceibos  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Guayaquil ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Clínica San Francisco de Guayaquil  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Guayaquil ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>22</fpage>
<lpage>30</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2462-85222021000100022&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2462-85222021000100022&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2462-85222021000100022&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction: Spontaneous lung herniation (SLH) refers to a protrusion of the lung into an irregular opening through the parietal pleura occurring at the level of the chest wall, diaphragm, or mediastinum. This is a rare entity, and only about 300 cases have been reported worldwide. The following is the first case of SLH reported in Ecuador.  Case presentation: This is a 59-year-old male patient with no history of trauma or chronic respiratory diseases. He attended the emergency department due to a 3-day history of hemoptysis, moderate pain in the right hemithorax, edema, submammary hematoma, and a chest wall hernia that was evident during respiratory movements and the Valsalva maneuver. A non-contrast chest CT scan showed free fluid in the right pleural cavity, alveolar patchy infiltrate, protrusion of the medial segment of the middle lobe, and displaced fractures in the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th ribs of the right hemithorax. Pneumonia, pleural effusion, and SLH with right rib fractures were diagnosed. Due to the patient's symptoms, surgical management with right thoracotomy with parasternal incision was decided to reduce the herniated lung parenchyma. Three months after surgery, follow-up imaging scans showed correct disposition of the osteosynthesis material. The patient did not present any discomfort, so follow-up and multidisciplinar&#94; medical management were continued.  Conclusions: SLH is a very rare condition. Its diagnosis is mainly clinical, characterized by chest pain, presence of the hernial defect and sometimes a history of cough, as in this patient. The diagnosis is currently very precise, but treatment options are still under debate. However, surgical intervention is unquestionably the safest choice for achieving the best outcomes due to the rapid improvement of symptoms and the prevention of recurrences.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción. La hernia pulmonar espontánea (HPE) es una protrusión del pulmón en una abertura anormal a través de la pleura parietal que se presenta a nivel de la pared torácica, el diafragma o el mediastino. Esta es una entidad infrecuente de la que solo se han reportado algo más de 300 casos a nivel internacional. A continuación, se presenta el primer caso de HPE reportado en Ecuador.  Presentación del caso. Paciente masculino de 59 años sin antecedentes de trauma, ni patologías respiratorias crónicas, quien asistió al servicio de urgencias por cuadro clínico de 3 días de evolución consistente en hemoptisis, dolor en hemi-tórax derecho de moderada intensidad, edema, hematoma a nivel submamario y defecto herniario de la pared torácica que se evidenciaba durante los movimientos respiratorios y la maniobra de Valsalva. La tomografía simple de tórax mostró líquido libre en cavidad pleural derecha, infiltrado alveolar en parche, protrusión del segmento medial del lóbulo medio y fracturas desplazadas en la 2°, 3°, 4° y 5° costilla del hemitórax derecho. Se diagnosticó neumonía, derrame pleural y HPE con fracturas costales derechas. Se decidió dar manejo quirúrgico con toracotomía derecha con incisión paraesternal. Luego de 3 meses de postoperatorio, los controles de imagen mostraron correcta disposición de material de osteosíntesis. El paciente no presentó molestias y continuó en seguimiento y con manejo médico multidisciplinario.  Conclusiones. La HPE es una patología infrecuente de diagnóstico principalmente clínico que se caracteriza por dolor torácico, presencia del defecto herniario y en algunas ocasiones antecedente de tos. El diagnóstico actualmente es muy preciso; sin embargo, su tratamiento aún se encuentra en discusión, pero sin dudas la intervención quirúrgica es la opción que aporta mejores resultados debido a la rápida mejoría de los síntomas y a que previene recidivas.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Hernia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Pulmón]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Tos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Enfermedades pulmonares]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Lesión pulmonar]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Pared torácica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Hernia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Lung]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cough]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Lung diseases]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Lung injury]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Thoracic wall]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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