<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2619-6573</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Ensayos de Economía]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Ens. Econ.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2619-6573</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional de Colombia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2619-65732022000200102</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15446/ede.v32n61.99918</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Relación entre la apertura económica y desigualdad de ingresos entre 2012 y 2020]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Relationship between Economic Openness and Income Inequality between 2012 and 2020]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Melo-Bayona]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Karol-Ximena]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Araque-Castro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María-Jimena]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rangel-Quiñonez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Henry-Sebastián]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Santo Tomas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bucaramanga ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Santo Tomás  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bucaramanga ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Santo Tomás Facultad de Economía ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bucaramanga ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>61</numero>
<fpage>102</fpage>
<lpage>123</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2619-65732022000200102&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2619-65732022000200102&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2619-65732022000200102&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen En los últimos años, gracias al auge del comercio internacional, la generación de riqueza ha aumentado. Sin embargo, esta última parece no haber sido distribuida en todos los segmentos de la población de forma igualitaria. Este artículo presenta una evidencia econométrica de la relación entre el nivel del comercio internacional y la desigualdad de ingresos intra-país para 150 países de los cinco continentes, en el período 2012-2020. Los modelos propuestos son de tipo panel de efectos fijos y aleatorios, controlados por continente. Entre los principales resultados se encuentran que cada una de las regiones evidencian efectos diferentes entre el nivel de comercio internacional y la desigualdad de ingresos intra-país. Para el año 2020, los efectos del Covid-19 sobre la desigualdad no son determinantes, pues aún no existen suficientes datos públicos para medir el efecto de la pandemia cuantitativamente, aun así, se puede colegir, a partir de fuentes secundarias y de estadística descriptiva, que hubo un incremento en la desigualdad de ingresos en los países producto del confinamiento.  JEL: D31; C33; F63; D63.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract In recent years, thanks to the boom in international trade, the generation of wealth has increased. However, the latter does not seem to have been spread equally across all segments of the population. This article presents econometric evidence of the relationship of the level of international trade with intra-country income inequality for 150 countries on five continents over the period 2012-2020. The proposed models are of the fixed and random effects panel type controlled by continent. Among the main results are that each of the regions show different effects between the level of international trade and intra-country income inequality. For the year 2020, the effects of Covid-19 on inequality are not decisive, since there is still not enough public data to measure the effect of the pandemic quantitatively, even so it can be concluded, from secondary sources, that there was an increase in income inequality in the countries because of the confinement.  JEL: D31; C33; F63; D63.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[coeficiente de Gini]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[apertura económica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[comercio exterior]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[datos panel]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Gini coefficient]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[economic openness]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[foreign trade]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[panel data]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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