<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0120-419X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Integración]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Integración - UIS]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0120-419X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Industrial de Santander]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0120-419X2011000200001</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Tripletas asociadas a diagramas de nudos virtuales]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Triplets associated to virtual knot diagrams]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[TORO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MARGARITA]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[RODRÍGUEZ]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JOSÉ GREGORIO]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia Escuela de Matemáticas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Medellín ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>97</fpage>
<lpage>108</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-419X2011000200001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0120-419X2011000200001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0120-419X2011000200001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen. En este artículo estudiamos el conjunto T de las tripletas (E,A,B), donde E &#8712; {-1, 1}n, A &#8712; &#8484;n y B es una matriz antisimétrica de orden n con componentes enteras, n &#8712; &#8469;&#8746;{0}. Definimos una relación de equivalencia sobre el conjunto T y estudiamos propiedades de sus clases de equivalencia. La motivación para estudiar estas tripletas proviene de la teoría de los nudos virtuales, ya que mostramos cómo asignarle una tripleta a cada diagrama de un nudo virtual. Esta asignación depende del diagrama y en sí misma no es un invariante de nudos virtuales. La relación de equivalencia definida en T busca resolver este problema.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract. In this paper we study the set T of triplets (E,A,B), where E &#8712; {-1, 1}n, A &#8712; &#8484;n and B is an integral antisymmetric matrix of order n, n &#8712; &#8469;&#8746;{0}. We define an equivalence relation on the set T and then we study properties of its equivalence classes. We describe a method to assign to each virtual knot diagram a triplet, and this is the motivation to study the set of triplets. As the assignation of a triplet depends on the virtual knot diagram, it is not a virtual knot invariant. But we try to solve this problem by using the equivalence relation defined on T.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tripletas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[diagramas de nudos virtuales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[nudos virtuales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[matrices basadas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[códigos nudales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[nudos combinatorios]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[: triplets]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[virtual knots diagrams]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[virtual knots]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[based matrix]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[nudal codes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[combinatorial knots]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[   <font size="2" face="Verdana">     <p align="center"><font size="4"><b>Tripletas asociadas a diagramas de nudos    <br> virtuales<sup>*</sup></b></font></p>      <p align="center">MARGARITA TORO<sup>&#9733;</sup>, JOS&Eacute; GREGORIO RODR&Iacute;GUEZ    <br> Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Escuela de Matem&aacute;ticas, A.A. 568, Medell&iacute;n, Colombia.</p> <hr>     <p align="justify"><b><i>Resumen.</i></b> En este art&iacute;culo estudiamos el conjunto <i>T</i> de las tripletas <i>(E,A,B),</i> donde <i>E</i> &isin; {-1, 1}<sup>n</sup>, <i>A</i> &isin; &#8484;<sup>n</sup> y <i>B</i> es una matriz antisim&eacute;trica de orden <i>n</i> con componentes enteras, <i>n</i> &isin; &#8469;&cup;{0}. Definimos una relaci&oacute;n de equivalencia sobre el conjunto <i>T</i> y estudiamos propiedades de sus clases de equivalencia. La motivaci&oacute;n para estudiar estas tripletas proviene de la teor&iacute;a de los nudos virtuales, ya que mostramos c&oacute;mo asignarle una tripleta a cada diagrama de un nudo virtual. Esta asignaci&oacute;n depende del diagrama y en s&iacute; misma no es un invariante de nudos virtuales. La relaci&oacute;n de equivalencia definida en <i>T</i> busca resolver este problema.    <br> <b><i>Palabras claves:</i></b> tripletas, diagramas de nudos virtuales, nudos virtuales, matrices basadas, c&oacute;digos nudales, nudos combinatorios.    <br> <b><i>MSC2000:</i></b> 57M27, 57Q45, 05–XX.</p> <hr>     <p align="center"><font size="3"><b><i>Triplets associated to virtual knot diagrams</i></b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><b><i>Abstract.</i></b> In this paper we study the set T of triplets <i>(E,A,B)</i>, where <i>E</i> &isin; {-1, 1}<sup>n</sup>, A &isin; &#8484;<sup>n</sup> and <i>B</i> is an integral antisymmetric matrix of order <i>n, n</i> &isin; &#8469;&cup;{0}. We define an equivalence relation on the set <i>T</i> and then we study properties of its equivalence classes. We describe a method to assign to each virtual knot diagram a triplet, and this is the motivation to study the set of triplets. As the assignation of a triplet depends on the virtual knot diagram, it is not a virtual knot invariant. But we try to solve this problem by using the equivalence relation defined on <i>T</i>.    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<br> <b><i>Keywords:</i></b> triplets, virtual knots diagrams, virtual knots, based matrix, nudal codes, combinatorial knots.</p> <hr>     <p align="justify">Texto Completo disponible en <a href="pdf/rein/v29n2/v29n2a01.pdf">PDF</a></p> <hr>      <p align="left"><font size="3"><b><i>Referencias</i></b></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify">&#91;1&#93; Cairns G. and Elton D., &quot;The Planarity Problem for Signed Gauss Words&quot;, <i>J. Knot Theory Ramifications,</i> 2, No. 4 (1993), 359-367.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000016&pid=S0120-419X201100020000100001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></p>      <!-- ref --><p align="justify">&#91;2&#93; Kauffman L.H., &quot;Virtual knot theory&quot;, <i>European J. Combin.</i> 20 (1999), 663–690.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000018&pid=S0120-419X201100020000100002&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></p>      <!-- ref --><p align="justify">&#91;3&#93; Kaufman L.H. and Manturov V.O., &quot;Virtual knots and links&quot; (Russian), Tr. Mat. Inst. 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Acad. Colomb. Cienc.</i> 28, 106 (2004), 79–86.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000030&pid=S0120-419X201100020000100008&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></p>      <!-- ref --><p align="justify">&#91;9&#93; Toro M., <i>Programaci&oacute;n en Mathematica con aplicaciones a la Teor&iacute;a de Nudos.</i> Bogot&aacute;, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 2004.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000032&pid=S0120-419X201100020000100009&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></p>      <!-- ref --><p align="justify">&#91;10&#93; Toro M. y Rodr&iacute;guez J.G., &quot;Nudos combinatorios: una nueva visi&oacute;n de los nudos virtuales&quot;, preprint, 2009.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000034&pid=S0120-419X201100020000100010&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify">&#91;11&#93; Turaev V., &quot;Cobordism of knots on surfaces&quot;, <i>Journal of Topology</i> 1, No. 2 (2008), 285–305.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000036&pid=S0120-419X201100020000100011&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></p> <hr>     <p align="justify"><sup>*</sup>Parcialmente financiado por COLCIENCIAS, proyecto 1118-521-28160.    <br> <sup>&#9733;</sup>Autor para correspondencia: E-mail : <a href="mailto:mmtoro@unal.edu.co.">mmtoro@unal.edu.co</a>.    <br> <b>Recibido:</b> 20 de agosto de 2011, <b>Aceptado:</b> 8 de noviembre de 2011.</p>  </font>      ]]></body><back>
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