<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0120-5633</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Colombiana de Cardiología]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Colomb. Cardiol.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0120-5633</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Colombiana de Cardiologia. Oficina de Publicaciones]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0120-56332017000200191</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.rccar.2016.05.010</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[El ultrasonido: desde el murciélago hasta la cardiología no invasiva]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Ultrasound: from bats to non-invasive cardiology]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dávila]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fabián]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reynolds]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lewis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Antonio José]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mogollón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Iván René]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Clínica Shaio Departamento de Investigación ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>191</fpage>
<lpage>195</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-56332017000200191&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0120-56332017000200191&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0120-56332017000200191&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción:  El sonido se propaga en un medio aprovechando las propiedades elásticas del mismo. El presente estudio describe la evolución de la ultrasonografía cardiaca y su aplicación en la cardiología.  Materiales y métodos:  Revisión descriptiva en bases documentales, se exploraron conceptos en textos electrónicos de física y fisiología, ampliando los conceptos por método de Snowball.  Resultados:  Siglo xviii y xix: Spallanzani reconoció la existencia de la ecolocalización en el modelo animal (murciélagos), se descubre la piezoelectricidad.  Siglo xx:  aplicación de la ecolocalización en el sistema SONAR y la detección de tumores cerebrales, cuerpos extraños en tejidos orgánicos y lesiones malignas en el intestino y el tejido mamario. Década de los años 50 y 60, se identificaron masas en la aurícula izquierda, inicia la descripción de la enfermedad valvular mitral; se describen los primeros ecardiogramas en modo M (movimiento). En los años 60, un transductor de elemento único permitió los ecocardiogramas intracardiacos; luego un transductor de rotación lenta permitió obtener imágenes en 2 D. En los años 80, nace la ecocardiografía transesofágica para evaluar pacientes con pobre ventana acústica; en los años 90, se introdujeron los traductores omniplanares y biplanares con capacidad Doppler y flujo en color. En los últimos años, los desarrollos de la ecocardiografía han ampliado el alcance hasta la cirugía mínimamente invasiva.  Conclusiones:  Grandes avances se han logrado en consecuencia con la evolución del ultrasonido en medicina, su inicio en la ecolocalización descrita en los murciélagos hasta la ultrasonografía cardiaca en 3 D, han permitido el desarrollo de nuevas no invasivas en la medicina cardiovascular.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction:  Sound propagates in a medium taking advantage of its elastic properties. This study describes the evolution of cardiac ultrasonography and its application in cardiology.  Material and methods:  Descriptive review of data bases, concepts were explored in electronic physics and physiology texts, expanding the concepts by means of the Snowball method.  Results:  18th and 19th century: Spallanzani recognised the existence of echolocation in the animal model (bats); piezoelectricity is discovered.  20th century:  applying echolocation in the SONAR system and brain tumour detection, foreign bodies in organic tissue and intestinal and breast tissue malignancies. 50s and 60s: masses in the left atrium were identified, mitral valve disease description begins, first M-mode echocardiograms are described. In the 60s a single element transducer allowed for intracardiac echocardiograms, later on a slow rotating transducer displayed 2 D images. In the 80s transthoracic echocardiogram is born to assess patients with a poor acoustic window; in the 90s omniplane and biplane transducers with Doppler ability and colour flow were introduced. Over the last years, development of echocardiograms have broadened their scope towards minimally invasive surgery.  Conclusion:  Big steps have been taken in parallel with progress of ultrasounds in the medical field, their onset in echolocation described in bats until 3 D cardiac ultrasonography have contributed to the development of new non-invasive techniques in cardiovascular medicine.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cardiología]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Imágenes de ecocardiografía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Imagen]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Enfermedad Cardiovascular]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cardiology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Echocardiogram images]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Image]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cardiovascular Disease]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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