<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0121-4705</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Análisis Político]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[anal.polit.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0121-4705</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto de Estudios Políticos y Relaciones Internacionales (IEPRI), Universidad Nacional de Colombia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0121-47052020000200160</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15446/anpol.v33n99.90989</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[VENEZUELA: UN RÉGIMEN MILITAR SIN CAPACIDAD DE GOBIERNO NI OPCIÓN DE TRANSICIÓN POLÍTICA]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[VENEZUELA: A MILITARY REGIME WITHOUT GOVERNMENT CAPACITY OR POLITICAL TRANSITION OPTION]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patiño Villa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Almario García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Oscar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia Instituto de Estudios Urbanos ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y Económicas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Medellín ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>99</numero>
<fpage>160</fpage>
<lpage>173</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0121-47052020000200160&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0121-47052020000200160&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0121-47052020000200160&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN La crisis actual de Venezuela y las repercusiones para los países vecinos tiene un trasfondo que puede explicarse a través de los orígenes que dieron cabida al régimen, el contexto histórico en el que surge y el ensamblado institucional y militar que desarrolló para prolongarse en el poder del Estado. Esta situación ha contribuido a la dificultad de una transición política dada la inflexibilidad de la estructura del régimen, así como las importantes alianzas geopolíticas que han permitido su mantenimiento. En este sentido, se busca explicar la paradoja de cómo la construcción de un régimen instaurado principalmente sobre el ámbito militar como eje central, pero manteniendo las bases bolivarianas en los asuntos de la democracia formal, sumado a una anodina oposición venezolana, han permitido su permanencia en el poder a pesar de llevarlo a una crisis política caracterizada por la precaria capacidad de gobierno, la violencia colectiva y la pérdida parcial del reconocimiento internacional.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT The current crisis in Venezuela and the repercussions for neighboring countries have a background that can be explained through the origins that gave rise to the regime, the historical context in which it arises and the institutional and military assembly that it developed to prolong the power of the State. This situation has contributed to the difficulty of a political transition given the inflexibility of the structure of the regime, as well as the important geopolitical alliances that have allowed its maintenance. In this sense, it seeks to explain the paradox of how the construction of a regime established primarily on the military as a central axis, but maintaining the Bolivarian bases in the affairs of formal democracy, added to a bland Venezuelan opposition, have allowed its permanence in the power in spite of taking it to a political crisis characterized by the precarious capacity of government, the collective violence and the partial loss of the international recognition.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Régimen político]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Venezuela]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[poderío militar]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[geopolítica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Conflicto político]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Socialismo Siglo XXI]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Political Regime]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Venezuela]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Military power]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[geopolitics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Political Conflict]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Socialism 21st Century]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burns]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[US still pondering military options in Venezuela]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Military Times]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<month>,</month>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>Europa Press</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Chávez ordena abrir la tumba de Bolívar para certificar la causa de su muerte]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[El País]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<month>,</month>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fisher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Who Is Venezuela&#8217;s Legitimate President? A Messy Dispute, Explained]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The New York Times]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<month>,</month>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gall]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[El caos petrolero]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[El País]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<month>,</month>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gallegos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[¿Cuándo se jodió Venezuela?: Sobre cómo el país con las reservas petroleras más ricas del mundo acabó sumido en la ruina, otra vez]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Grupo Planeta]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Insight Crime</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Venezuela: ¿Un Estado mafioso? Venezuela se ha convertido en un eje del crimen organizado en la región]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>nternational Institute for Strategic Studies, IISS</collab>
<source><![CDATA[The Military Balance 2008]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Routledge]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>International Institute for Strategic Studies, IISS</collab>
<source><![CDATA[The Military Balance 2009]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Routledge]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>International Institute for Strategic Studies, IISS</collab>
<source><![CDATA[The Military Balance 2010]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Routledge]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>International Institute for Strategic Studies, IISS</collab>
<source><![CDATA[The Military Balance 2012]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Routledge]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>International Monetary Fund, IFM</collab>
<source><![CDATA[World economic outlook. Subdued Demand: Symptoms and remedies]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>International Monetary Fund, IFM.</collab>
<source><![CDATA[World economic outlook. Cyclical upswing, structural change]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Malamud]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Núñez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rogelio]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La crisis de Venezuela y el tablero geopolítico internacional]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<month>,</month>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Elcano. Real Instituto El Cano]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mijares]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Las elecciones parlamentarias de Venzuela y su impacto regional]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Iberoamericana]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>61</numero>
<issue>61</issue>
<page-range>241-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramirez Carreño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Caótica: Así fue la jornada para ingresar ayuda a Venezuela]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[El Tiempo]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<month>,</month>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Scharfenberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Maduro dice que un &#8220;pajarito&#8221; con el espíritu de Chávez lo bendijo]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[El País]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<month>,</month>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>The Editorial Board</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[As the Crisis in Venezuela Grows, the Options Narrow]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The New York Times]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<month>,</month>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tilly]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Violencia colectiva]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Hacer]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Waxloxten]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castellanos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delpretti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El 4 de febrero, por ahora]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fuentes]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
