<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0121-4705</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Análisis Político]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[anal.polit.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0121-4705</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto de Estudios Políticos y Relaciones Internacionales (IEPRI), Universidad Nacional de Colombia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0121-47052025000100026</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15446/anpol.v38n110.122247</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[INTERNACIONALIZACIÓN Y ENTRAMADO GLOBAL DE LA GUERRA EN UCRANIA]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[INTERNATIONALIZATION AND GLOBALIZATION OF THE WAR IN UKRAINE]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patiño Villa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Almario García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Óscar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Medellín ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>110</numero>
<fpage>26</fpage>
<lpage>54</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0121-47052025000100026&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0121-47052025000100026&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0121-47052025000100026&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN El artículo analiza la guerra en Ucrania, que desde la invasión a plena escala el 24 de febrero de 2022 ha desatado un conflicto bélico prolongado que ha generado profundas implicaciones internacionales y globales. Con más de 36 meses de combate, se ha convertido en una de las guerras de mayor duración desde mediados del siglo XIX hasta hoy. Diversas fuentes indican que la misma ha dejado en estos primeros 36 meses de guerra un alto número de víctimas mortales, prisioneros y desaparecidos, al igual que el mayor número de desplazados europeos desde la Segunda Guerra Mundial, al tiempo que ha modificado las certezas y los planes que los Estados de la región tenían con respecto a su seguridad y posición geopolítica. La guerra no solo ha permitido que Rusia conciba, planee y amenace con el uso de armas nucleares, sino que también se ha convertido en un dinamizador de innovaciones tecnológicas en el ámbito militar, lo que ha sido visible en el uso de drones y avances notorios en inteligencia artificial. Este conflicto se ha expandido en su influencia y dinámicas globales, porque desde el principio del mismo ha conducido a un realineamiento de alianzas internacionales que se disputan sus concepciones sobre el orden internacional, influyendo con ello en otros conflictos de alta tensión internacional. La complejidad de esta guerra se manifiesta en las formas como ha afectado a otros conflictos y cómo la polarización geopolítica puede llevar a una escalada de hostilidades. El texto ofrece una aproximación analítica de estas dinámicas y su proyección en el orden internacional contemporáneo.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT The article analyzes the war in Ukraine, which since the full-scale invasion on February 24, 2022, has unleashed a protracted armed conflict with profound international and global implications. With more than 36 months of fighting, it has become one of the longest wars since the mid-19th century. Various sources indicate that in these first 36 months of war, there have been a high number of fatalities, prisoners, and missing persons, as well as the largest number of displaced Europeans since World War II. At the same time, it has altered the certainties and plans that the states in the region had regarding their security and geopolitical position. The war has not only allowed Russia to conceive, plan, and threaten the use of nuclear weapons, but has also become a catalyst for technological innovation in the military sphere, as seen in the use of drones and notable advances in artificial intelligence. This conflict has expanded in its influence and global dynamics because, since its inception, it has led to a realignment of international alliances that dispute their conceptions of the international order, thereby influencing other high-tension international conflicts. The complexity of this war is evident in the ways it has affected other conflicts and how geopolitical polarization can lead to an escalation of hostilities. The text offers an analytical approach to these dynamics and their projection in the contemporary international order.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Guerra Ucrania]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Historia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Teorías]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Geopolítica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[War Ukraine]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[History]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Theories]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Geopolitics]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abril]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Corea del Norte modifica su Constitución entre soflamas del avance del país como &#8220;potencia nuclear&#8221;]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bailey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kagan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A Defense of Taiwan with Ukrainian Characteristics: Lessons from the War in Ukraine for the Western Pacific]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bailey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mappes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stepanenko]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Evans]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kagan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ball]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bellamy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Historia del pensamiento político del siglo XX]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Akal]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Troianovski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kramer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Méheut]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lobzina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schmitt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Varghese]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Deception and a gamble: How Ukrainian troops invaded Russia]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Booth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dixon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stern]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Russian Generals are Getting Killed at an Extraordinary Rate]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bubola]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Specia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ukraine&#8217;s Herculean Task: Helping Millions Whose Homes are in ruins or Russia&#8217;s Hands]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[The New York Times]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chaterjee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[How Sweden and Finland Went from Neutral to Nato]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clark]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Sonámbulos. Cómo Europa fue a la guerra en 1914]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Galaxia Gutenberg]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Corte Penal Internacional</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Situation in Ukraine: ICC Judges Issue Arrest Warrants Against Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin and Maria Alekseyevna Lvova-Belova]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cuesta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Erdogan, Putin y Raisi acuerdan &#8220;liquidar definitivamente a los terroristas&#8221; en Siria]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cuesta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Putin proclama la anexión de los cuatro territorios ocupados ilegalmente en Ucrania: &#8220;Defenderemos nuestra tierra con todas las fuerzas&#8221;]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Della Porta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Análisis comparativo: La investigación basada en casos frente a la investigación basada en variables]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Enfoques y metodologías de las ciencias sociales: Una perspectiva pluralista]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<page-range>211-36</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Akal]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>El País</collab>
<source><![CDATA[El papel de Donetsk y Lugansk en el conflicto entre Ucrania y Rusia: Claves e intereses del Kremlin en el Donbás]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Euronews</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Discurso de Putin: "La respuesta de Rusia será inmediata para quien intente ponernos obstáculos"]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fassihi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[U.S. and European Allies Split Sharply at the U.N. over Ukraine]]></source>
<year>2025</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>France 24</collab>
<source><![CDATA['Time to Move on': France Faces Gradual Decline of Influence in Africa]]></source>
<year>2025</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Freedman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Kyiv and Moscow are Fighting two Different Wars]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gady]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F-S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[How an Army of Drones Changed the Battlefield in Ukraine]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gady]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F-S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Why Neutrality is Obsolete in the 21st Century]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gall]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[&#8216;Such Bad Guys Will Come&#8217;: How one Russian Brigade Terrorized Bucha]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gessen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El futuro es historia. Rusia y el regreso del totalitarismo]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Turner]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thomas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA['Soft log' and Concrete Canyons: Russian Urban Combat Tactics in Grozny]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hendrix]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dixon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sly]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Korolchuk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ilyushina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Russian Troops in Big Retreat as Ukraine Offensive Advances in Kharkiv]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hird]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bailey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stepanenko]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wolkov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kagan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hird]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shats]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[O'Neil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[North Korea Joins Russia's War Against Ukraine: Operational and Strategic Implications in Ukraine and Northeast Asia]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hockenos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Russia&#8217;s Missiles Threaten a Nuclear Meltdown in Ukraine]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Holstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Breve historia del presente]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[RBA]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Institute for the Study of War</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Ukraine conflict update 7]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ioanes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ukraine&#8217;s Surprising Counteroffensive Forces Russian Troops to Flee]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kramer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[As Russia Claims Victory in Bakhmut, Ukraine Sees Opportunity Amid Ruins]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MYH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dixon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[North Korea&#8217;s Kim Declares &#8216;full Support&#8217; for Russian War in Ukraine]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lister]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pleitgen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Butenko]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Deadly and Disposable: Wagner&#8217;s Brutal Tactics in Ukraine Revealed by Intelligence Report]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MacMillan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La guerra: Cómo nos han marcado los conflictos]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Turner]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[South Africa&#8217;s Belated Reckoning Over the War in Ukraine]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McGerty]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dewey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Global Defence Spending Soars to New High]]></source>
<year>2025</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McGlynn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Moscow Is Using Memory Diplomacy to Export Its Narrative to the World]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mozur]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Satariano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A.I. Begins Ushering In an Age of Killer Robots]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nicastro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[L'assedio: Il romanzo di Mariupol]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Solferino]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palumbo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rivault]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ukraine War: Satellite Images Reveal Russian Defences Before Major Assault]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pancevski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[One Million are Now Dead or Injured in the Russia-Ukraine War]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patiño Villa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Almario García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ó]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ucrania, la guerra y las nuevas descolonizaciones]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Desafíos]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>Especial</numero>
<issue>Especial</issue>
<page-range>1-26</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Piketty]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El capital en el siglo XXI]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fondo de Cultura Económica]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Plokhy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La guerra ruso-ucraniana: el retorno de la historia]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Península]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Polanyi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La gran transformación: Crítica del liberalismo económico]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[La Piqueta]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Polanyi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Los límites del mercado: Reflexiones sobre economía, antropología y democracia]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Capitán Swing]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Polanyi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Laville]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J-L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mendell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Levitt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KO]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coraggio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Textos escogidos Karl Polanyi]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Clacso, Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Polanyi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arensberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pearson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Comercio y mercado en los imperios antiguos]]></source>
<year>1976</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Labor]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Presidencia de Rusia</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Russia-Africa Summit]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rankin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Zelenskyy Says North Korea May Send 100k Troops to Ukraine, as War Reaches 1,000 Days]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B51">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reiter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Why Democracies Win More Wars than Autocracies]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ The Washington Post]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B52">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sanders]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ukraine&#8217;s Third Wave of Military Reform 2016-2022 - Building a Military Able to Defend Ukraine Against the Russian Invasion]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Defense &amp; Security Analysis]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>312-28</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B53">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sang-Hun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[What North Korea Gains From Its Alliance With Russia &#8212; and What It Risks]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ The New York Times]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B54">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sang-Hun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sonne]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Putin and Kim Sign Pact Pledging Mutual Support Against &#8216;Aggression&#8217;]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ The New York Times]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B55">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sédillot]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Europa, esa utopía]]></source>
<year>1971</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Guadarrama]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B56">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Segura]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Seúl asegura que Corea del Norte ha destinado a Rusia nuevas tropas para luchar contra Ucrania]]></source>
<year>2025</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ El País]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B57">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sergatskova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Impact of War on Ukraine as Seen Through Its Communities in Exile]]></source>
<year>2025</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ Wilson Center]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B58">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sphor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Después del muro: la reconstrucción del mundo tras 1989]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Taurus]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B59">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<collab>The Kyiv Independent</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Ukraine War Latest: Ukraine's Military Now Totals 880,000 Soldiers, Facing 600,000 Russian Troops, Kyiv Claims]]></source>
<year>2025</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ The Kyiv Independent]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B60">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Troianovski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fassihi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Putin Finds a New Ally in Iran, a Fellow Outcast]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ The New York Times]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B61">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Troianovski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Entous]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schwirtz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ukraine-Russia Peace Is as Elusive as Ever. But in 2022 They Were Talking]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[The New York Times]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B62">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Voyenne]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Historia de la idea europea]]></source>
<year>1965</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Labor, S. A.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B63">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Watling]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mariupol, Putin Now Rules a Wasteland Pitted with Mass Graves]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Guardian]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B64">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barnes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Kim Jong-un and Putin Plan to Meet in Russia to Discuss Weapons]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[The New York Times]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
