<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0122-9761</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Boletín de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras - INVEMAR]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Bol. Invest. Mar. Cost.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0122-9761</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES MARINAS Y COSTERAS "JOSE BENITO VIVES DE ANDRÉIS" (INVEMAR)    INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES MARINAS Y COSTERAS -JOSE BENITO VIVES DE ANDRÉIS- (INVEMAR)]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0122-97612025000100113</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25268/bimc.invemar.2025.54.1.1328</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Marine debris abundance and composition on the beaches of Buenaventura Bay, Colombian Pacific]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Abundancia y composición de residuos marinos en playas de la bahía de Buenaventura, Pacífico colombiano]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Abundancia y composición de residuos marinos en playas de la bahía de Buenaventura, Pacífico colombiano]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez-Giraldo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nathalia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Molina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrés]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Guillermo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia Grupo de Investigación en Ecología y Contaminación Acuática ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Palmira ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia Grupo de Investigación en Ecología y Contaminación Acuática. ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Palmira ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia Facultad de Ingeniería y Administración ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Palmira ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>54</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>113</fpage>
<lpage>132</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0122-97612025000100113&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0122-97612025000100113&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0122-97612025000100113&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Pollution by marine debris (MD) has been increasing, affecting coastal ecosystems. This study aimed to analyze the influence of spatial and seasonal environmental variability on the density, mass, and composition of MD, as well as to assess the pollution status of beaches in the Buenaventura Bay in the Colombian Pacific. Samples were collected in the intertidal zone of the Comba, La Bocana, and Piangüita beaches during dry, transition, and rainy seasons, using quadrants randomly located on established transects. The MD were classified based on the most common materials, and plastics were grouped by polymer types, with expanded polystyrene being the most predominant. The average density was 17.46 ± 25.5 items m-2, with plastic items being the most common (96.6 %). Significant spatial and temporal differences were found, with La Bocana beach reporting the highest pollution during the dry season (78.84 ± 31.2 items m-2). Using generalized additive models, correlations were observed between precipitation, salinity, total residues, and two polymer types. The application of the clean coast and plastic abundance indices classified all three studied beaches as having unacceptable cleanliness levels. Therefore, these beaches may be vulnerable to an increase in MD due to population growth, inadequate waste management, and the lack of environmental education.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN La contaminación por residuos marinos (RM) ha ido en aumento, afectando los ecosistemas costeros. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la influencia de la variabilidad ambiental espacial y estacional sobre la densidad, la masa y la composición de los RM, así como evaluar el estado de contaminación en playas de la bahía de Buenaventura en el Pacifico colombiano. Las muestras se colectaron en la zona intermareal de las playas Comba, La Bocana y Piangüita en épocas secas, de transición y lluviosas, usando cuadrantes ubicados aleatoriamente en transectos establecidos. Los RM fueron clasificados con base en los materiales más comunes, y los plásticos se agruparon por polímeros, siendo el poliestireno expandido el de mayor predominancia. La densidad promedio fue de 17.46 ± 25.5 ítems m-2 con los artículos de plástico como los más comunes (96.6 %). Se encontraron diferencias significativas espaciales y temporales, donde la playa La Bocana reportó la mayor contaminación en la época seca (78.84 ± 31.2 ítems m-2). Mediante modelos aditivos generalizados, se observaron correlaciones entre la precipitación, la salinidad, el total de residuos y dos tipos de polímeros. La aplicación de los índices de costa limpia y abundancia de plástico clasificó a las tres playas estudiadas en un estado de limpieza inaceptable. Por lo tanto, estas playas pueden ser vulnerables a un aumento en RM a causa del crecimiento poblacional, el manejo inadecuado de los residuos y la carencia de educación ambiental.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[macroplastics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[clean coast index]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[density analysis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[marine pollution.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[macroplásticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[índice de costa limpia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[análisis de densidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[contaminación marina.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abude]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RRS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Augusto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cardoso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cabrini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TMB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Spatiotemporal variability of solid waste on sandy beaches with different access restrictions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mar. Pollut. Bull.]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>171</volume>
<page-range>1-11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adnan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FAF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kilip]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Keniin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Payus]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Classification and quantification of marine debris at Teluk Likas, Sabah]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Borneo Science]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>44-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alkalay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pasternak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zask]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Clean-coast index-A new approach for beach cleanliness assessment]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ocean. Coast. Manag.]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>50</volume>
<page-range>352-62</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>ASTM</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Guiding the plastics recycling value chain]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bakir]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rowland]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thompson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Transport of persistent organic pollutants by microplastics in estuarine conditions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Estuar. Coast. Shelf. Sci.]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>140</volume>
<page-range>14-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ballance]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ryan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PGR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Turpie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JK]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[How much is a clean beach worth? The impact of litter on beach users in the Cape Peninsula, South Africa]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[S. Afr. J. Sci.]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>96</volume>
<page-range>210-3</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barnett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Evans]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quintana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miliou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pietroluongo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An environmentally friendly method for the identification of microplastics using density analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environ. Toxicol. Chem.]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>40</volume>
<page-range>3299-305</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Browne]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Galloway]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thompson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Spatial patterns of plastic debris along estuarine shorelines]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environ. Sci. Technol.]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>44</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>3404-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Cámara de Comercio de Buenaventura</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Balance 2020 Sector turístico de Buenaventura]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cantera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blanco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JF]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The estuary ecosystem of Buenaventura Bay, Colombia]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>144</volume>
<page-range>265-80</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Coastal Marine Ecosystems of Latin America]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castro-Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González-Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fornier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schmidt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sempéré]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Macro-litter in surface waters from the Rhone River: Plastic pollution and loading to the NW Mediterranean Sea]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mar. Pollut. Bull.]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>146</volume>
<page-range>60-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Damian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aussage]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fraser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Seasonal deposition of marine debris on an important marine turtle nesting beach in Costa Rica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mar. Pollut. Bull.]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>177</volume>
<page-range>113525</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Day]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hall]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CAS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kemp]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yáñez-Arancibia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Estuarine ecology]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>66</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>1987-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Derraik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JGB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The pollution of the marine environment by plastic debris: A review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mar. Pollut. Bull.]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>44</volume>
<page-range>842-52</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gamboa-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Molina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cogua]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of water quality variation on fish assemblages in an anthropogenically impacted tropical estuary, Colombian Pacific]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res.]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<page-range>25740-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gamboa-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Molina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cogua]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Influence of water quality on the macroinvertebrate community in a tropical estuary (Buenaventura Bay)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Integr. Environ. Assess. Manag.]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<page-range>796-812</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Elías]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mar del plástico: una revisión del plástico en el mar]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev. Invest. Desarr. Pesq.]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<page-range>83-105</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Escobar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Terminal turístico y productivo para el desarrollo sostenible en La Bocana]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<page-range>37 p</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Univ. Javeriana]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Farias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Preichardt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dantas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DV]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Influence of fishing activity over the marine debris composition close to coastal jetty]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res.]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<page-range>16246-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gamboa-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cogua]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dinámica de la estructura y composición de macroinvertebrados y su relación con las variables ambientales en la bahía de Buenaventura]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Bol. Invest. Mar. Cost.]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>47</volume>
<page-range>67-83</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garcés-Ordoñez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castillo-Olaya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rueda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ríos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bayona]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Molina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Escobar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MI]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Diagnóstico de residuos microplásticos en las zonas marinas de Colombia]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<page-range>108-66</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Invemar y MinAmbiente]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garcés-Ordóñez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castillo-Olaya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Granados-Briceño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blandón García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espinosa Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LF]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Marine litter and microplastic pollution on mangrove soils of the Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta, Colombian Caribbean]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mar. Pollut. Bull.]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>145</volume>
<page-range>455-62</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garcés-Ordóñez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espinosa Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pereira Cardoso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Costa Muniz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The impact of tourism on marine litter pollution on Santa Marta beaches, Colombian Caribbean]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mar. Pollut. Bull.]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>160</volume>
<page-range>111558</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Golik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gertner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Litter on the Israeli coastline]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mar. Environ. Res.]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<page-range>1-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Greenpeace</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Colombia, mejor sin plástico. Campaña plásticos]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guzmán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruíz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cadena]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Regionalización de Colombia según la estacionalidad de la precipitación media mensual, a través análisis de componentes principales (ACP)]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<page-range>1-55</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Ideam]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jambeck]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Geyer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wilcox]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Siegler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perryman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Andrady]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Narayan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Law]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Plastic waste inputs from land into the ocean]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mar. Pollut.]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>347</volume>
<page-range>768-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estimation of lost tourism revenue in Geoje Island from the 2011 marine debris pollution event in South Korea]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mar. Pollut. Bull.]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>81</volume>
<page-range>49-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jeyasanta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KI]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sathish]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patterson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Edward]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JKP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Macro-, meso- and microplastic debris in the beaches of Tuticorin district, Southeast coast of India]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mar. Pollut. Bull.]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>154</volume>
<page-range>111055</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kataoka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hinata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kato]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Backwash process of marine macroplastics from a beach by nearshore currents around a submerged breakwater]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mar. Pollut. Bull.]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>101</volume>
<page-range>539-48</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kurniawan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Imron]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MF]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Environmental technology and innovation seasonal variation of plastic debris accumulation in the estuary of Wonorejo River, Surabaya, Indonesia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environ. Technol. Innov.]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>16</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lebreton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LCM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Van Der Zwet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Damsteeg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Slat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Andrady]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reisser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[River plastic emissions to the world&#8217;s oceans]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nature Comm.]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<page-range>1-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lechthaler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Waldschläger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stauch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schüttrumpf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The way of macroplastic through the environment]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environments]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<page-range>73</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lehtiniemi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hartikainen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Näkki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Engström-Öst]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Koistinen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Setälä]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Size matters more than shape: Ingestion of primary and secondary microplastics by small predators]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Food Webs]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<page-range>6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lippiatt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Opfer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arthur]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Marine debris monitoring and assessment: Recommendations for monitoring debris trends in the marine environment]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>46</volume>
<page-range>88</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[NOAA Techn. Mem.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Niero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zinnke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pellizzetti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rudolf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beltrão]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Waltrick]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Polette]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Marine debris and pollution indexes on the beaches of Santa Catarina State, Brazil]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Reg. Stud. Mar. Sci.]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<page-range>100771</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ÓD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Molina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Influencia de la materia orgánica en la abundancia de poliquetos (Annelida: Polychaeta) de la bahía de Buenaventura, Pacífico colombiano]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<page-range>139-64</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Ciencias del Mar: Una Mirada desde la Universidad Nacional de Colombia]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mendoza-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ML]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lithgow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-Maqueo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simonin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Land use change and its effects on the value of ecosystem services along the coast of the Gulf of Mexico]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ecol. Econ.]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>82</volume>
<page-range>23-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>MinTrabajo y PNUD</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Perfil productivo municipio Buenaventura]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<page-range>114</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Ministerio de Trabajo]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Molina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cogua]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Influences of environmental conditions in the fish assemblage structure of a tropical estuary]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mar. Biodivers.]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>50</volume>
<page-range>1-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Molina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cogua]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of environmental variables on mercury accumulation in sediments of an anthropogenically impacted tropical estuary (Buenaventura Bay, Colombian Pacific)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environ. Monit. Assess.]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>195</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>1-17</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mouret]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Charbonnier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lecroart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Metzger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Howa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deflandre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deirmendjian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anschutz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Biogeochemistry in an intertidal pocket beach]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Estuar. Coast. Shelf. Sci.]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>243</volume>
<page-range>106920</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nakatani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muraoka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ohshima]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Motokucho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Difference in polypropylene fragmentation mechanism between marine and terrestrial regions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[SN Appl. Sci.]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<page-range>773</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Narváez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pinzón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Alternativa para el desarrollo de la oferta ambiental de Piangüita, en la bahía de Buenaventura, Pacífico colombiano mediante la aplicación de estrategias de turismo sostenible]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<page-range>128</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cali ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Univ. Aut. Occidente]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Ocean Conservancy</collab>
<source><![CDATA[The impact of fishing gear as a source of marine plastic pollution]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<page-range>8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Ospar</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Guideline for monitoring marine litter on the beaches in the Ospar Maritime Area]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<page-range>1-84</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Ospar Commission]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Otero Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Aplicación de un modelo hidrodinámico bidimensional para describir las corrientes y la propagación de la onda de marea en la bahía de Buenaventura]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Bol. Cient. CCCP]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<page-range>9-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pasternak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ribic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Spanier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zviely]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Stormwater systems as a source of marine debris: a case study from the Mediterranean coast of Israel]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J. Coast. Conserv.]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<page-range>1-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Plastics Europe</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Plastics - the Facts 2022]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<page-range>84</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>PNUMA</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Marine litter: A global challenge]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<page-range>232</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Nairobi Unep]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B51">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rangel-Buitrago]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castro-Barros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gracia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villadiego]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JDV]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Williams]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AT]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Litter impacts on beach/dune systems along the Atlantico Department, the Caribbean coastline of Colombia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mar. Pollut. Bull.]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>137</volume>
<page-range>35-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B52">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rangel-Buitrago]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vélez Mendoza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mantilla-Barbosa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arroyo-Olarte]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Trilleras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gracia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Neal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Williams]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AT]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Plastic pollution on the Colombian central Caribbean beaches]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mar. Pollut. Bull.]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>162</volume>
<page-range>111837</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B53">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rangel-Buitrago]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vélez-Mendoza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gracia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Neal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The impact of anthropogenic litter on Colombia&#8217;s central Caribbean beaches]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mar. Pollut. Bull.]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>152</volume>
<page-range>110909</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B54">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Han]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Song]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hexabromocyclododecane in polystyrene based consumer products: An evidence of unregulated use]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Chemosphere]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>110</volume>
<page-range>111-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B55">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Richardson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wilcox]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vince]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hardesty]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BD]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Challenges and misperceptions around global fishing gear loss estimates]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mar. Pol.]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>129</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B56">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rizzo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rangel-Buitrago]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Impedovo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mastronuzzi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Scardino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Scicchitano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A rapid assessment of litter magnitudes and impacts along the Torre Guaceto marine protected area (Brindisi, Italy)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mar. Pollut. Bull.]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>173</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B57">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ryan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The transport and fate of marine plastics in South Africa and adjacent oceans]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[S. Afr. J. Sci.]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>116</volume>
<page-range>1-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B58">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sajorne]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bacosa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cayabo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GDB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ardines]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sumeldan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JDC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Omar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Creencia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Plastic litter pollution along sandy beaches in Puerto Princesa, Palawan Island, Philippines]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mar. Pollut. Bull.]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>169</volume>
<page-range>112520</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B59">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salazar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Navarrete]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alava]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Domínguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A temporal assessment of anthropogenic marine debris on sandy beaches from Ecuador&#8217;s southern coast]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Front. Mar. Sci.]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<page-range>977650</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B60">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santos Rodrigues]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Friedrich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Prado Barretto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Overseas garbage pollution on beaches of northeast Brazil]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mar. Pollut. Bull.]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>50</volume>
<page-range>778-82</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B61">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schuhmann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mahon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The valuation of marine ecosystem goods and services in the Caribbean: A literature review and framework for future valuation efforts]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ecosyst. Serv.]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<page-range>56-66</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B62">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schwarz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lensen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SMC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Langeveld]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Urbanus]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Plastics in the global environment assessed through material flow analysis, degradation and environmental transportation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Sci. Total Env.]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>875</volume>
<page-range>162644</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B63">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Scott]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Refractive index of ethanol-water mixtures and density and refractive index of ethanol-water-ethyl ether mixtures]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J. Phys. Chem.]]></source>
<year>1946</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<page-range>406-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B64">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sibaja-Cordero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez-Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Marine litter on sandy beaches with different human uses and waste management along the Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mar. Pollut. Bull.]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>175</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B65">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SDA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Markic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estimates of marine debris accumulation on beaches are strongly affected by the temporal scale of sampling]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[PLoS ONE]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<page-range>83694</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B66">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suárez-Manzano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suárez-Montaño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Propuesta para la elaboración de una política pública para el manejo y aprovechamiento de los residuos sólidos en el distrito de Buenaventura, Valle del Cauca]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<page-range>28 p</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cali ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Univ Icesi]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B67">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suteja]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Atmadipoera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Riani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nurjaya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[IW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nugroho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Purwiyanto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AIS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Stranded marine debris on the touristic beaches in the south of Bali Island, Indonesia: The spatiotemporal abundance and characteristic]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mar. Pollut. Bull.]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>173</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B68">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tafurt-Villarraga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Molina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Influencia de las condiciones ambientales en la ecología trófica y presencia de microplásticos en tres especies de lenguados (Pleuronectiformes: Achiridae) en la bahía de Buenaventura, Pacífico Colombiano]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev. Biol. Trop.]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>68</volume>
<page-range>1055-68</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B69">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tavares]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moura]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ceesay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Merico]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Density and composition of surface and buried plastic debris in beaches of Senegal]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Sci. Total. Environ.]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>737</volume>
<page-range>139633</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B70">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thiel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hinojosa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[IA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miranda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pantoja]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rivadeneira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vásquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Anthropogenic marine debris in the coastal environment: A multi-year comparison between coastal waters and local shores]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mar. Pollut. Bull.]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>71</volume>
<page-range>307-16</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B71">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thornton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jackson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Spatial and temporal variations in debris accumulation and composition on an estuarine shoreline, Cliffwood Beach, New Jersey, USA]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mar. Pollut. Bull.]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<page-range>705-11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B72">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>UNEP</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Marine plastic debris and microplastics - Global lessons and research to inspire action and guide policy change]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Nairobi ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[United Nations Environment Programme]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B73">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Unger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harrison]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Fisheries as a source of marine debris on beaches in the United Kingdom]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mar. Pollut. Bull.]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>107</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>52-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B74">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vásquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Molina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Distribución espacial y aumento a través del tiempo de microplásticos en sedimentos de la bahía de Buenaventura, Pacifico colombiano]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Bol. Invest. Mar. Cost.]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>50</volume>
<page-range>27-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B75">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vidal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Molina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Incremento de la contaminación por microplásticos en aguas superficiales de la bahía de Buenaventura, Pacifico colombiano]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Bol. Invest. Mar. Cost.]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>50</volume>
<page-range>113-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B76">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vijith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sundar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shetye]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Time-dependence of salinity in monsoonal estuaries]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Estuar. Coast. Shelf. Sci.]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>85</volume>
<page-range>601-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B77">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wessel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Swanson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weatherall]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cebrian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Accumulation and distribution of marine debris on barrier islands across the northern Gulf of Mexico]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mar. Pollut. Bull.]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>139</volume>
<page-range>14-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B78">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Williams]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tudor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DT]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Litter burial and exhumation: Spatial and temporal distribution on a cobble pocket beach]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mar. Pollut. Bull.]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>42</volume>
<page-range>1031-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B79">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Q]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ZLJHX]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Characteristics of expanded polystyrene microplastics on island beaches in the Pearl River Estuary: abundance, size, surface texture and their metals-carrying capacity]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ecotoxicology]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<page-range>1632-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B80">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Transport of microplastics in coastal seas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Estuar. Coast. Shelf. Sci.]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>199</volume>
<page-range>74-86</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
