<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1900-6586</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Científica General José María Córdova]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Cient. Gen. José María Córdova]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1900-6586</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Escuela Militar de Cadetes "General José María Córdova"]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1900-65862025000400761</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21830/19006586.1519</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems (LAWS): dilemas y retos en la era de la inteligencia artificial]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems (LAWS): Dilemmas and Challenges in the Age of Artificial Intelligence]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[León Pamplona]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Camilo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guerrero-Sierra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Hugo Fernando]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wilches-Tinjacá]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jaime Andrés]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Militar Nueva Granada  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cajicá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Militar Nueva Granada  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>52</numero>
<fpage>761</fpage>
<lpage>784</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1900-65862025000400761&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1900-65862025000400761&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1900-65862025000400761&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN. La incorporación de la inteligencia artificial en el ámbito bélico ha impulsado el desarrollo de Sistemas de Armas Autónomas Letales (LAWS), lo cual implica serios desafíos para la regulación internacional. Este artículo analiza las tensiones conceptuales y normativas al respecto, en especial la falta de definiciones claras y las disputas entre enfoques de soft law y hard law. A partir del estudio de los avances de actores nacionales y regionales importantes, y de la presión ejercida por organizaciones multilaterales y no gubernamentales, se evidencia un consenso emergente sobre la necesidad de garantizar un "control humano significativo" en los LAWS, al tiempo que persisten fracturas que obstaculizan acuerdos efectivos. Ante la parálisis de foros multilaterales, se propone explorar esquemas alternativos de gobernanza inspirados en tratados como el de Ottawa y el de la Prohibición de Armas Nucleares, que permitan avanzar hacia una regulación robusta de estas tecnologías.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT. The incorporation of artificial intelligence into the field of warfare has driven the development of Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems (LAWS), posing serious challenges for international regulation. This article analyzes the conceptual and normative tensions surrounding this issue, particularly the lack of clear definitions and the disputes between soft and hard law approaches. Based on the study of the advances made by important national and regional actors, and the pressure exerted by multilateral and non-governmental organizations, an emerging consensus is evident on the need to guarantee "meaningful human control" in LAWS, while fractures persist that hinder effective agreements. Given the paralysis of multilateral forums, we propose exploring alternative governance schemes inspired by treaties such as the Ottawa Treaty and the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons, which would facilitate progress toward robust regulation of these technologies.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[armas autónomas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[derecho internacional humanitario]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[derechos humanos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[gobernanza]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[inteligencia artificial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sistema internacional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[artificial intelligence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[autonomous weapons]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[governance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[human rights]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[international humanitarian law]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[international system]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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