<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2500-8692</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Novum Jus]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Novum Jus]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2500-8692</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Católica de Colombia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2500-86922021000300079</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14718/novumjus.2021.15.e.8</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[REVALUATING AIRCRAFT LEASING CONTRACTS IN THE PANDEMIC ERA: NAVIGATING THE CHALLENGES OF INVOKING FORCE-MAJEURE BY APPLYING HARDSHIP UNDER INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL LAW]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[REVALUACIÓN DE LOS CONTRATOS DE ARRENDAMIENTO DE AERONAVES EN LA ERA DE LA PANDEMIA: CÓMO NAVEGAR LOS RETOS DE INVOCAR LA FUERZA MAYOR MEDIANTE LA APLICACIÓN DE ONEROSIDAD EXCESIVA EN EL DERECHO MERCANTIL INTERNACIONAL]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[REAVALIAÇÃO DOS CONTRATOS DE ARRENDAMENTO DE AERONAVES NA ERA DA PANDEMIA: COMO NAVEGAR NOS DESAFIOS DA INVOCAÇÃO DA FORÇA MAIOR APLICANDO A ONEROSIDADE EXCESSIVA NO DIREITO INTERNACIONAL DO COMÉRCIO]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Agarwal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Tanya]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Amity Law School  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Delhi ]]></addr-line>
<country>India</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>spe</numero>
<fpage>79</fpage>
<lpage>101</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2500-86922021000300079&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2500-86922021000300079&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2500-86922021000300079&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The majority of aircraft are acquired through leasing agreements, and the financial burden is on the lessor due to their financing of heavy equipment for the lessee in these agreements. Therefore, to ensure that the lessee fulfills their lease payment to the lessor, a &#8220;hell or high-water&#8221; clause is drafted in the contract. This enforces payment by the lessee regardless of any circumstantial changes that might make it difficult for them to pay. However, due to the pandemic, airlines have suffered from a severe cash crunch making it difficult for them to honor their upcoming contractual obligations. Airline companies are debating whether to invoke force majeure in these contracts to excuse nonperformance and avoid damages; nevertheless, considering developments in Private International Air Law and the nature of the contract, taking such measures will be difficult. This paper proposes to apply the hardship clause codified in the UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts so that airlines can renegotiate the contract with their lessors instead of completely avoiding their contractual obligation. This will provide breathing space for the lessee, while ensuring that their obligation towards the lessor is maintained during the pandemic.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La mayoría de las aeronaves se adquieren mediante contratos de leasing, y la carga financiera recae en el arrendador debido a su financiación de equipos pesados para el arrendatario en estos contratos. Por lo tanto, para garantizar que el arrendatario cumpla con el pago del arrendamiento al arrendador, se redacta en el contrato una cláusula &#8220;contra viento y marea&#8221;. Esto obliga al pago por parte del arrendatario independientemente de cualquier cambio circunstancial que les dificulte el pago. Sin embargo, debido a la pandemia, las compañías aéreas han sufrido una grave escasez de efectivo que les dificulta el cumplimiento de sus próximas obligaciones contractuales. Las compañías aéreas están debatiendo la posibilidad de invocar la fuerza mayor en estos contratos para excusar el incumplimiento y evitar daños y perjuicios; no obstante, teniendo en cuenta los desarrollos en Derecho Aéreo Internacional Privado y la naturaleza del contrato, será difícil tomar tales medidas. Este documento propone aplicar la onerosidad excesiva codificada en los Principios de Unidroit sobre Contratos Comerciales Internacionales para que las compañías aéreas puedan renegociar el contrato con los arrendadores en lugar de eludir completamente su obligación contractual. Esto proporcionará un respiro al arrendatario y también garantizará que su obligación hacia el arrendador se mantenga durante la pandemia.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo A maioria das aeronaves são adquiridas por meio de contratos de leasing, e a carga financeira recai sobre o locador devido ao seu financiamento de equipamentos pesados para os locatários nesses contratos. Portanto, para garantir que o locatário cumpra com o pagamento do aluguel ao locador, uma cláusula &#8220;contra todas as probabilidades&#8221; é redigida no contrato. Isso obriga o locatário a efetuar o pagamento, independentemente de qualquer mudança circunstancial que dificulte isso. No entanto, devido à pandemia, as companhias aéreas têm sofrido uma forte escassez de dinheiro que dificulta o cumprimento de suas obrigações contratuais. As companhias aéreas estão discutindo a possibilidade de invocar força maior nesses contratos para justificar o não cumprimento e evitar danos. No entanto, levando em conta os desenvolvimentos do Direito Aéreo Internacional Privado e a natureza do contrato, será difícil tomar tais medidas. Este documento propõe aplicar a onerosidade excessiva codificada nos Princípios de UNIDROIT sobre contratos comerciais internacionais para que as companhias aéreas possam renegociar o contrato com locadores em vez de evadir completamente suas obrigações contratuais. Isso proporcionará tranquilidade ao locatário e garantirá que sua obrigação com o locador seja mantida durante a pandemia.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Aircraft leasing agreement]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hell or high-water clause]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[force majeure]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hardship]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[nonperformance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[renegotiation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[contrato de arrendamiento de aeronaves]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cláusula &#8220;contra viento y marea&#8221;]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[fuerza mayor]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[onerosidad excesiva]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[incumplimiento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[renegociación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[contrato de arrendamento de aeronaves]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[cláusula &#8220;contra todas as probabilidades&#8221;]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[força maior]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[onerosidade excessiva]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[descumprimento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[renegociação]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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