<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0034-7426</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Colombiana de Matemáticas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev.colomb.mat.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0034-7426</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional de Colombia y Sociedad Colombiana de Matemáticas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0034-74262008000200004</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Towards a new interpretation of Milnor's number]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Hacia una nueva interpretación del número de Milnor]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CADAVID]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CARLOS A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[VÉLEZ]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JUAN D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad EAFIT  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Medellín ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad EAFIT  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Medellín ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>15</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2008</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>15</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2008</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>153</fpage>
<lpage>166</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0034-74262008000200004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0034-74262008000200004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0034-74262008000200004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[The Milnor number is a fundamental invariant of the biholomorphism type of the singularity of the germ of a holomorphic function f defined on an open neighborhood W of 0 &isin; Cn, and such that 0 is the only critical point of f in W. The present article describes a conjecture that would provide an interpretation of this invariant, in the case n=2, as a sharp lower bound for the number of factors in any factorization in terms of right-handed Dehn twists of the monodromy around the singular fiber of f. Also, towards the end of the paper, an analogue conjecture for proper holomorphic maps f:E &rarr; Dr0 where E is a complex surface with boundary, Dr0 is {z &isin; C: |z| < r }, and f has f-1(0) as its unique singular fiber and all other fibers are closed and connected 2-manifolds of (necessarily the same) genus g &ge; 0, is briefly described. The latter conjecture has been proved recently by the authors in the case when the regular fiber of f has genus 1 ([3]), and in ([5]), that author provides for each g &ge; 2 an f g:Eg &rarr; D1(0) having genus g regular fiber and violating this conjecture.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[El número de Milnor es un invariante fundamental del tipo de biholomorfismo de un germen de una función holomorfa f definida en una vecindad abierta W de 0 &isin; Cn, tal que 0 es el único punto crítico de f en W. En este artículo presentamos una conjetura que daría una interpretación de este invariante en el caso n=2, como una cota inferior exacta para el número de factores de cualquier factorización en términos de giros de Dehn derechos de la monodromía alrededor de la fibra singular de f. Además, hacia el final del artículo, se describe brevemente una conjetura análoga para el caso en que tenemos una función holomorfa propia f:E &rarr; Dr0 donde E es una superficie compleja con frontera, Dr0 es {z &isin; C: |z| < r}, f tiene a f-1(0) como su única fibra singular y todas las otras fibras son 2-variedades cerradas conexas de género, necesariamente constante, g &ge; 0. Esta última conjetura ha sido demostrada recientemente por los autores en el caso en que el género de la fibra regular es 1 ([3]), y en ([5]), ese autor construye, para cada g &ge; 2, una fibración f g:Eg &rarr; D1(0) cuya fibra regular tiene género g y que viola esta conjetura.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Milnor number]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[monodromy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[right handed Dehn twist]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[morsification]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Número de Milnor]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[monodromía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[giro de Dehn derecho]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[morsificación]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[  <font size="2" face="verdana">      <p> <b> <font size="4">     <center> Towards a new interpretation of Milnor's number </center> </font> </b> </p>      <p> <b> <font size="3">     <center> Hacia una nueva interpretaci&oacute;n del n&uacute;mero de Milnor </center> </font> </b> </p>      <p>     <center> CARLOS A. CADAVID<sup>1</sup>,  JUAN D. V&Eacute;LEZ<sup>2</sup> </center> </p>      <p> <sup>1</sup>Universidad EAFIT, Medell&iacute;n, Colombia. Email: <a href="mailto:ccadavid@eafit.edu.co">ccadavid@eafit.edu.co</a>     <br>  <sup>2</sup>Universidad EAFIT, Medell&iacute;n, Colombia. Email: <a href="mailto:jdvelez@unalmed.edu.co">jdvelez@unalmed.edu.co</a>     <br> </p>  <hr size="1">      ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p> <b>     <center> Abstract </center> </b> </p>      <p> The Milnor number is a fundamental invariant of the biholomorphism type of the singularity of the germ of a holomorphic function <i>f</i> defined on an open neighborhood <i>W</i> of <i>0 &isin; <b>C</b><sup>n</sup></i>, and such that <i>0</i> is the only critical point of <i>f</i> in <i>W</i>. The present article describes a conjecture that would provide an interpretation of this invariant, in the case <i>n=2</i>, as a sharp lower bound for the number of factors in <em>any</em> factorization in terms of right-handed Dehn twists of the monodromy around the singular fiber of <i>f</i>. Also, towards the end of the paper, an analogue conjecture for proper holomorphic maps <i>f:E &rarr; D<sub>r</sub><sup>0</sup></i> where <i>E</i> is a complex surface with boundary, <i>D<sub>r</sub><sup>0</sup></i> is <i>{z &isin; <b>C</b>: |z| &lt; r }</i>, and <i>f</i> has <i>f<sup>-1</sup>(0)</i> as its unique singular fiber and all other fibers are closed and connected 2-manifolds of (necessarily the same) genus <i>g &ge; 0</i>, is briefly described. The latter conjecture has been proved recently by the authors in the case when the regular fiber of <i>f</i> has genus <i>1</i> ([3]), and in ([5]), that author provides for each <i>g &ge; 2</i> an <i>f<sub>g</sub>:E<sub>g</sub> &rarr; D<sub>1</sub><sup>0</sup></i> having genus <i>g</i> regular fiber and violating this conjecture. </p>      <p> <b> Key words: </b> Milnor number, monodromy, right handed Dehn twist, morsification. </p>  <hr size="1">  <i>2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 14D05, 14D06, 14B07.</i>  <hr size="1">      <p> <b>     <center> Resumen </center> </b> </p>      <p> El n&uacute;mero de Milnor es un invariante fundamental del tipo de biholomorfismo de un germen de una funci&oacute;n holomorfa <i>f</i> definida en una vecindad abierta <i>W</i> de <i>0 &isin; <b>C</b><sup>n</sup></i>, tal que <i>0</i> es el &uacute;nico punto cr&iacute;tico de <i>f</i> en <i>W</i>. En este art&iacute;culo presentamos una conjetura que dar&iacute;a una interpretaci&oacute;n de este invariante en el caso <i>n=2</i>, como una cota inferior exacta para el n&uacute;mero de factores de <em>cualquier</em> factorizaci&oacute;n en t&eacute;rminos de giros de Dehn derechos de la monodrom&iacute;a alrededor de la fibra singular de <i>f</i>. Adem&aacute;s, hacia el final del art&iacute;culo, se describe brevemente una conjetura an&aacute;loga para el caso en que tenemos una funci&oacute;n holomorfa propia <i>f:E &rarr; D<sub>r</sub><sup>0</sup></i> donde <i>E</i> es una superficie compleja con frontera, <i>D<sub>r</sub><sup>0</sup></i> es <i>{z &isin; <b>C</b>: |z| &lt; r}</i>, <i>f</i> tiene a <i>f<sup>-1</sup>(0)</i> como su &uacute;nica fibra singular y todas las otras fibras son 2-variedades cerradas conexas de g&eacute;nero, necesariamente constante, <i>g &ge; 0</i>. Esta &uacute;ltima conjetura ha sido demostrada recientemente por los autores en el caso en que el g&eacute;nero de la fibra regular es <i>1</i> ([3]), y en ([5]), ese autor construye, para cada <i>g &ge; 2</i>, una fibraci&oacute;n <i>f<sub>g</sub>:E<sub>g</sub> &rarr; D<sub>1</sub><sup>0</sup></i> cuya fibra regular tiene g&eacute;nero <i>g</i> y que viola esta conjetura. </p>      <p> <b> Palabras clave: </b> N&uacute;mero de Milnor, monodrom&iacute;a, giro de Dehn derecho, morsificaci&oacute;n. </p>  <hr size="1">      <p> Texto completo disponible en <a href="pdf/rcm/v42n2/v42n2a04.pdf">PDF</a> </p>  <hr size="1">      <p> <b> <font size="3"> References </font> </b> </p>       ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<!-- ref --><p> [1] Arnold, V., Topological problems in wave propagation theory and topological economy principle in algebraic geometry, `The Arnoldfest, Proceedings of a Conference in Honour of V.I.Arnold for his Sixtieth Birthday´, (1999), Vol. 24 of <i>Fields Institute Communications</i>, American Mathematical Society, Providence, United Stated.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000023&pid=S0034-7426200800020000400001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p> [2] Birman, J., <i>Braids, Links, and Mapping Class Groups</i>, Princeton University Press, Princeton, 1975. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000024&pid=S0034-7426200800020000400002&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p> [3] Cadavid, C. & V&eacute;lez, J., `On a minimal factorization conjecture´, <i>Topology and its Applications</i> <i>154</i>, 15 (2007), 2786-2794. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000025&pid=S0034-7426200800020000400003&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p> [4] Fulton, W., <i>Intersection Theory</i>, Second edn, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1984. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000026&pid=S0034-7426200800020000400004&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p> [5] Ishizaka, M., `One parameter families of Riemann surfaces and presentations of elements of mapping class group by Dehn twists´, <i>Journal of the Mathematical Society of Japan</i> <i>58</i>, 2 (2006), 585-594. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000027&pid=S0034-7426200800020000400005&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p> [6] Looijenga, E., <i>Isolated Singular Points on Complete Intersections</i>, Vol. 77 of <i>Lecture Notes in Math.</i>, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1984. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000028&pid=S0034-7426200800020000400006&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p> [7] Milnor, J., <i>Singular Points of Complex Hypersurfaces</i>, Vol. 61 of <i>Ann. of Math. Studies</i>, Princeton University Press, Princeton, 1968. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000029&pid=S0034-7426200800020000400007&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p> [8] Moishezon, B., <i>Complex Surfaces and Connected Sums of Complex Proyective Planes</i>, Vol. 603 of <i>Lecture Notes in Math.</i>, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, New York, 1977. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000030&pid=S0034-7426200800020000400008&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p> [9] Ozsv&aacute;th, P. & Szab&oacute;, Z., `The symplectic Thom conjecture´, <i>Annals of Mathematics</i> <i>151</i>, 1 (2000), 93-124. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000031&pid=S0034-7426200800020000400009&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p> [10] Serre, J., <i>Algèbre Locale Multiplicites</i>, Vol. 11 of <i>Lecture Notes in Math.</i>, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1965. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000032&pid=S0034-7426200800020000400010&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p> [11] Vasil&eacute;v, V. A., <i>Applied Picard-Lefschetz Theory</i>, Vol. 97 of <i>Mathematical Surveys and Monographs</i>, American Mathematical Society, Providence, 2002. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000033&pid=S0034-7426200800020000400011&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><center> <b>(Recibido en agosto de 2007. Aceptado en septiembre de 2008)</b> </center> <hr size="1">      <p> Este art&iacute;culo se puede citar en <i>LaTeX</i> utilizando la siguiente referencia bibliogr&aacute;fica de <i>BibTeX</i>: </p> <code><font size="2">@ARTICLE{RCMv42n2a04,    <br>  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; AUTHOR &nbsp;= {Cadavid, Carlos A. and V&eacute;lez, Juan D.},    <br>  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; TITLE &nbsp; = {{Towards a new interpretation of Milnor's number}},    <br>  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; JOURNAL = {Revista Colombiana de Matem&aacute;ticas},    <br> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; YEAR &nbsp;&nbsp; = {2008},    <br> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; volume &nbsp;= {42},    <br> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; number &nbsp;= {2},    <br> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pages &nbsp; = {153-166}    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<br> }</font></code>  <hr size="1"> </font>      ]]></body><back>
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