<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0120-0690</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Colom Cienc Pecua]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0120-0690</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Antioquia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0120-06902025000200005</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17533/udea.rccp.v38n2a4</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Antimicrobial resistance profiles of non-pathogenic Escherichia coli in pig farms in Colombia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Perfiles de resistencia antimicrobiana de Escherichia coli no patógena en granjas porcinas de Colombia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Perfis de resistência antimicrobiana de Escherichia coli não patogênica em granjas de suínos na Colômbia]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pabón-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Omar V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Buitrago-Angel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quintana-Moreno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jesús D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bedoya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gloria A, Casas-]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Serna-Cock]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Liliana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torres-León]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cristian]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Palmira ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-06902025000200005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0120-06902025000200005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0120-06902025000200005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background:  Antibiotic resistance is a global public health problem. To date, there are limited studies focused on Escherichia coli isolated from pig herds in Colombia.  Objective:  This study aimed to evaluate antibiotic resistance in non-pathogenic strains of E. coli isolated from pig farms located in Valle del Cauca, Colombia.  Methods:  The hemolytic capacity and the presence of heat-labile (LT) and heat-stable (STa and STb) toxins were evaluated. Subsequently, Antibiotic resistance was assessed in &#947;-hemolytic strains against 11 commonly used antibiotics.  Results:  A total of six E. coli strains were isolated. The strains exhibited a high level of antibiotic resistance. The highest resistance prevalence was observed against amikacin (20%), ceftiofur (20%), fosfomycin (20%), ciprofloxacin (40%), gentamicin (40%), florfenicol (80%), enrofloxacin (80%), norfloxacin (80%), apramycin (100%), ampicillin (100%), and doxycycline (100%).  Conclusions:  Commensal E. coli strains from piglets pose a high epidemiological risk as reservoirs and disseminators of resistance genes within the pig production chain. Additionally, these strains may represent a potential risk to the food chain.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Antecedentes:  La resistencia a los antibióticos es un problema de salud pública mundial. A la fecha, existen pocos estudios centrados en Escherichia coli aislada de hatos porcinos en Colombia.  Objetivo:  Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la resistencia a antibióticos de cepas no patógenas de E. coli aisladas de granjas porcinas del Valle del Cauca, Colombia.  Métodos:  Se usaron seis cepas de E. coli no patógenas aisladas de estudios previos. Se evaluó la capacidad hemolítica de las cepas y la presencia de toxinas termolábiles (LT) y termoestables (STa y STb) mediante amplificación genética, con tamaños esperados de STa: 163 bp, STb: 368 bp, y LT: 275 bp. Finalmente, se evaluó la resistencia a 11 antibióticos de uso común en cepas &#947;-hemolíticas.  Resultados:  Las cepas presentaron multirresistencia a antibióticos. La mayor prevalencia de resistencia se observó contra amikacina (20%), ceftiofur (20%), fosfomicina (20%), ciprofloxacina (40%), gentamicina (40%), florfenicol (80%), enrofloxacina (80%), norfloxacina (80%), apramicina (100%), ampicilina (100%) y doxiciclina (100%).  Conclusiones:  Las cepas comensales de E. coli aisladas de lechones representan un alto riesgo de diseminación de genes de resistencia en la cadena productiva porcina y pueden ingresar a la cadena alimentaria, contribuyendo a la transferencia de resistencia antimicrobiana a humanos. Estos hallazgos son de gran importancia para la implementación de estrategias de control y prevención de la resistencia antimicrobiana en la industria porcina y la protección de la salud pública.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo  Antecedentes:  A resistência aos antibióticos é um problema de saúde pública global. Até o momento, existem poucos estudos focados em Escherichia coli isolada de rebanhos suínos na Colômbia.  Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a resistência a antibióticos de cepas não patogênicas de E. coli isoladas de granjas de suínos.  Métodos:  Foram utilizadas seis cepas de E. coli não patogênicas isoladas de estudos anteriores. Avaliou-se a capacidade hemolítica e a presença de toxinas termo-lábeis (LT) e termo-estáveis (STa e STb) por meio de amplificação genética, com tamanhos esperados de STa: 163 bp, STb: 368 bp e LT: 275 bp. Por fim, avaliou-se a resistência a 11 antibióticos de uso comum em cepas &#947;-hemolíticas.  Resultados:  As cepas apresentaram multirresistência a antibióticos. A maior prevalência de resistência foi observada contra amicacina (20%), ceftiofur (20%), fosfomicina (20%), ciprofloxacina (40%), gentamicina (40%), florfenicol (80%), enrofloxacina (80%), norfloxacina (80%), apramicina (100%), ampicilina (100%) e doxiciclina (100%).  Conclusões:  Cepas comensais de E. coli isoladas de leitões representam um alto risco de disseminação de genes de resistência na cadeia produtiva suína e podem ingressar na cadeia alimentar, contribuindo para a transferência de resistência antimicrobiana a humanos. Esses achados são de grande relevância para a implementação de estratégias de controle e prevenção da resistência antimicrobiana na indústria suína e para a proteção da saúde pública.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Antibiotics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[antibiotic resistance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Escherichia coli]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hemolytic capacity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pathogens]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[piglets]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[public health]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[resistance genes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Antibióticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[capacidad hemolítica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Escherichia coli]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[genes de resistencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[lechones]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[patógenos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[resistencia a antibióticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[salud pública]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Antibióticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[capacidade hemolítica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Escherichia coli]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[genes de resistência]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[leitões]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[patógenos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[resistência aos antibióticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[saúde pública]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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