<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0120-0690</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Colom Cienc Pecua]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0120-0690</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Antioquia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0120-06902025000200009</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17533/udea.rccp.e357539</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Genetic improvement in Colombian cattle, a reality or an intention? A review]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Mejoramiento genético de bovinos en Colombia, ¿una realidad o una intención? Revisión]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Melhoramento genetico de gado bovino na Colômbia, uma realidade o uma aspiração? Revisão]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amaya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alejandro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cotes-Torres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José-Miguel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales U.D.C.A. Programa de Zootecnia ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia Facultad Ciencias Agrarias ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-06902025000200009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0120-06902025000200009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0120-06902025000200009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background:  Genetic improvement programs in domestic species require a series of steps involving the definition of breeding objectives, information systems, variance component estimation, genetic evaluations, selection indexes, and the estimation of genetic progress and variability.  Objective:  To identify strengths and weaknesses in the design and implementation of genetic improvement programs in Colombian cattle through scientific and academic contributions derived from research.  Conclusion:  The greatest challenges in the design and implementation of genetic improvement programs in Colombian cattle are currently related to the lack of consensus on breeding objectives among farmers and associations. Additionally, there is a need in the short term to improve both the quality and quantity of information available on databases. Finally, conducting economic analyses that consider genetic parameters is essential for optimizing the response to genetic selection, taking into account the different production systems and environmental conditions that Colombia offers.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Antecedentes:  Los programas de mejoramiento genético en especies domésticas requieren una serie de pasos que involucran la definición de objetivos de cría, sistemas de información, estimación de componentes de varianza, evaluaciones genéticas, índices de selección y la estimación del progreso y la variabilidad genética.  Objetivo:  Identificar fortalezas y debilidades en el diseño e implementación de programas de mejoramiento genético bovino en Colombia mediante los aportes científicos y académicos derivados de la investigación en genética bovina en el país.  Conclusión:  Los mayores desafíos en el diseño e implementación de programas de mejoramiento genético bovino en Colombia actualmente están relacionados con la ausencia de objetivos de cría consensuados entre los productores y asociaciones. Asimismo, es necesario, a corto plazo, mejorar tanto la calidad como la cantidad de información disponible en las bases de datos. Finalmente, es fundamental suplir la falta de evaluaciones económicas que integren y se incluyan en los análisis genéticos para optimizar la respuesta a la selección genética, considerando los distintos contextos productivos y la diversidad de condiciones ambientales que posee Colombia.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo  Antecedentes:  Para desenvolver um programa de melhoramento genético animal, é necessário definir objetivos de melhoramento, possuir sistemas de informação eficientes, realizar estimativas dos componentes de variância e a análise genética correspondente, além de estimar índices de seleção, progresso genético esperado e variabilidade genética.  Objetivo:  Identificar fragilidades e fortalezas no desenho e implementação de programas de melhoramento genético para gado bovino na Colômbia, por meio de uma revisão dos avanços científicos e acadêmicos obtidos na pesquisa sobre essa área no país.  Conclusão:  O principal desafio encontrado foi a ausência de objetivos de melhoramento definidos coletivamente entre produtores e pesquisadores. Além disso, é necessário, no curto prazo, aprimorar tanto a qualidade quanto a quantidade das informações disponíveis nos bancos de dados. Finalmente, torna-se essencial realizar análises econômicas que considerem o componente genético, a fim de otimizar a resposta à seleção genética, levando em conta as diferenças entre os sistemas produtivos e a diversidade ambiental que a Colômbia possui.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[animal breeding]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[bovines]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[breeding values]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cattle]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[genetic improvement]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[genetic progress]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[genetic variability]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[phenotype]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[profit]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[quantitative genetics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[selection]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[bovinos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cría de animales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[fenotipo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ganado]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[genética cuantitativa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[mejoramiento genético]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[progreso genético]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[selección]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[utilidad económica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[valores genéticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[variabilidad genética]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[criação de animais]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[fenótipo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[gado]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[genética quantitativa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[melhoramento genético]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[progresso genético]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[seleção]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[rentabilidade econômica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[valores genéticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[variabilidade genética]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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