<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0120-2596</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Lecturas de Economía]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Lect. Econ.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0120-2596</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Antioquia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0120-25962019000100127</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17533/udea.le.n90a05</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Pymes manufactureras exportadoras en Colombia: un análisis de su actividad real]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Exporting industrial SMEs in Colombia: an analysis of their real activity]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="fr"><![CDATA[Les PME manufacturières exportatrices en Colombie : une analyse de leur activité réelle]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mesa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernando]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Raúl]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Jorge Tadeo Lozano Departamento de Economía y Comercio Internacional ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Escuela Colombiana de Ingeniería  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>90</numero>
<fpage>127</fpage>
<lpage>157</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-25962019000100127&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0120-25962019000100127&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0120-25962019000100127&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: Este artículo evalúa por qué algunas pequeñas y medianas empresas, o pymes, exportan y otras no, incluso cuando enfrentan situaciones macroeconómicas y de política comercial similares. Con este fin, se analizan estadísticamente las diferencias entre las pymes que son exportadoras y las que no lo son durante el período 2000-2012. El análisis permite confirmar la modesta orientación de la estructura industrial colombiana hacia los mercados internacionales. Las pymes que exportaron crecieron más en su producción industrial que las no exportadoras; además, exhibieron los mayores tamaños en capital y número total de ocupados. Se verifica así mismo la hipótesis sobre preselección de las pymes para exportar según niveles de productividad laboral. De igual manera, las empresas que registraron los mayores niveles de productividad presentaron las más altas probabilidades de exportar, aunque dicha probabilidad registró una tendencia decreciente en el período analizado. La probabilidad de exportar también se vio afectada positivamente por aquellas empresas que lo hicieron en el pasado.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: This paper examines why some small and medium enterprises, or SMEs, export while others do not, even when they face similar macroeconomic and trade policy situations. With this aim, the difference between SMEs that are exporters and those that are not during the period 2000-2012 is analysed statistically. The analysis confirms the modest orientation of Colombia&#8217;s industrial structure towards international markets. The SMEs that exported grew more in terms of industrial production than the non-exporting ones; in addition, they exhibited the greatest levels of capital and total number of employees. The hypothesis on pre-selection of SMEs to export according to labour productivity levels is also verified. Likewise, the companies that recorded the highest levels of productivity also presented the highest probabilities of exporting, although this probability registered a decreasing trend in the period analysed. The probability to export was also affected positively by those firms that did it in the past.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="fr"><p><![CDATA[Résumé: Cet article explique pourquoi certaines petites et moyennes entreprises(PME) sont exportatrices alors que d&#8217;autres ne le sont pas, même si elles se trouvent dans une situation macroéconomique et commerciale tout à fait similaire. À cette fin, nous analysons statistiquement les différences entre les PME exportatrices et les PME non-exportatrices au cours de la période 2000-2012. L&#8217;analyse confirme la faible orientation de la structure industrielle colombienne vers les marchés internationaux. Les PME exportatrices ont davantage développé leur production industrielle par rapport aux PME non-exportatrices. Les PME exportatrices ont un capital plus important et un nombre plus élevé des travailleurs. L&#8217;hypothèse de présélection des PME à exporter en fonction de la productivité du travail est également vérifiée. De même, les entreprises ayant enregistré les niveaux de productivité les plus élevés présentaient la probabilité d&#8217;exporter la plus élevée, bien que cette probabilité ait enregistré une tendance à la baisse sur la période analysée. La probabilité d&#8217;exporter a également été influencée positivement par les entreprises qui l&#8217;ont déjà fait.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[modelos de comercio con competencia imperfecta]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[economías de escala]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[estudios empíricos sobre comercio]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[empresas heterogéneas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[models of trade with imperfect competition]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[economies of scale]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[empirical studies of trade]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[heterogenous firms]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[modèle commercial avec concurrence imparfaite]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[économies d&#8217;échelle]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[études empiriques sur le commerce]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[entreprises hétérogènes]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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