<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0120-5633</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Colombiana de Cardiología]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Colomb. Cardiol.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0120-5633</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Colombiana de Cardiologia. Oficina de Publicaciones]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0120-56332020000400324</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.rccar.2019.11.008</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Risk factors for congenital heart disease: A case-control study]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Factores de riesgo para cardiopatías congénitas: Estudio caso control]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giraldo-Grueso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zarante]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ignacio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mejía-Grueso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alejandro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gracia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gloria]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Ochsner Medical Center Surgery Department ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[New Orleans LA]]></addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Secretaría de Salud de Bogotá Salud Pública ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>324</fpage>
<lpage>329</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-56332020000400324&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0120-56332020000400324&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0120-56332020000400324&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Objective:  to investigate the prevalence and risk factors in newborns with congenital heart defects (CHD).  Methods:  this case-control study included 234,386 births from January 2006 to June 2013 that were evaluated and registered in the Latin-American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations (ECLAMC) methodology, establishing the Bogota Birth Defects Surveillance and Follow-up Program (BBDSFP).  Results:  234,368 births were registered and 277 of them were identified to have a CHD. The most common defect among all was ventricular septal defect (13.7%) followed by atrial septal defect (10.1%). As main associations we obtained: having any type of pre-gestational diabetes mellitus had an increased risk for the development of CHD (OR 16.36 CI: 4.54-58.35). Low weight newborns (less than 2,500 g) (OR: 4.13 CI: 3.13-5.44) and a gestational age lower than 36 weeks (OR: 4.92 CI: 3-5.44) were also linked to malformations.  Conclusions:  women with diabetes mellitus represent a high-risk pregnancy group, more work is needed to educate diabetic women, so CHD can be prevented and the outcomes of their pregnancy can be improved. Appropriate glycemic control before and during pregnancy may reduce CHD.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Objetivos:  investigar la prevalencia y los factores de riesgo en recién nacidos con cardiopatías congénitas.  Métodos:  este estudio caso control incluyó 234.386 nacimientos desde enero del 2006 hasta junio del 2013, los cuales fueron evaluados y registrados según la metodología del Estudio Colaborativo Latinoamericano de Malformaciones Congénitas (ECLAMC) estableciendo el programa de vigilancia de defectos congénitos de Bogotá.  Resultados:  de 234.368 pacientes fueron incluidos en el estudio, 277 fueron diagnosticados con cardiopatías congénitas. El defecto cardiaco más común fue la comunicación interventricular (13.7%) seguido por la comunicación interauricular (10.1%). Al evaluar los factores de riesgo se encontró que las madres con diabetes mellitus pregestacional tuvieron mayor riesgo de tener hijos con cardiopatías congénitas (OR 16.36 IC: 4.54-58.35) y que los pacientes con bajo peso al nacer (menor de 2.500 g) (OR: 4.13 IC: 3.13-5.44) y edad gestacional menor a 36 semanas (OR: 4.92 CI: 3-5.44) tenían mayor riesgo de ser diagnosticados con una cardiopatía congénita.  Conclusiones:  las pacientes diabéticas en embarazo tienen mayor riesgo de que sus hijos desarrollen una cardiopatía congénita. Por lo anterior se necesita realizar un mayor trabajo tanto de educación como de seguimiento a las mujeres diabéticas, para así prevenir cardiopatías congénitas y disminuir el resigo de sus embarazos.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Congenital heart disease]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cardiology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Genetics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Diabetes mellitus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cardiopatías congénitas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cardiología]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Genética]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Diabetes mellitus]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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