<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0121-1129</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Facultad de Ingeniería]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Fac. ing.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0121-1129</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0121-11292018000200049</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19053/01211129.v27.n48.2018.8072</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Degradation, mater uptake, injectability and mechanical strength of injectable bone substitutes composed of silk fibroin and hydroxyapatite nanorods]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Degradación, absorción, inyectabilidad y resistencia mecánica de sustitutos óseos inyectables compuestos de fibroína y nanobarras de hidroxiapatita]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Degradação, absorção, injetabilidade e resistência mecânica de substitutos ósseos injetáveis compostos de fibroína e nanobarras de hidroxiapatita]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Buitrago-Vásquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Maritza]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ossa-Orozco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Claudia Patricia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Antioquia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Medellín Antioquia]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Antioquia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Medellín Antioquia]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>48</numero>
<fpage>49</fpage>
<lpage>60</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0121-11292018000200049&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0121-11292018000200049&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0121-11292018000200049&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Injectable bone substitutes are generally composite materials capable of being extruded through a device; they consist of a solid phase inside a matrix that allows the easy movement of particles. Injectable bone substitutes have the advantage of allowing its application in situ without the need of invasive surgical techniques, guaranteeing a good recovery; for this reason, they are a promising alternative to replace conventional techniques to repair bone defects. Conventional techniques include the use of allografts and autografts, which often cause adverse reactions, and are disadvantageous for both the patient and the doctor. Furthermore, there are no reports regarding bone substitute development in Colombia, creating the necessity to research composite materials that could become injectable bone substitutes. In this study, we manufactured injectable bone substitutes with hydroxyapatite and calcium phosphate, which is most similar to bone tissue, and synthesized them in nanorods with shape and size similar to the natural hydroxyapatite found inside the body. Additionally, we used extracted silk fibroin from silkworm cocoons of Bombyx mori, a natural polymer of protein nature with high mechanical properties and excellent biocompatibility. For the materials manufactured, we evaluated degradation, in a simulated body fluid (SBF) at normal body temperature, water uptake, injectability and mechanical strength. The manufactured bone substitutes showed good degradation and water uptake properties, an approximate 97% injectability, and low mechanical resistance, indicating promising properties to be used as an injectable bone substitute.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Los sustitutos óseos inyectables son materiales compuestos que tienen la propiedad de dejarse extruir a través de un dispositivo; constan de una fase solida inmersa en una matriz que permite el fácil movimiento del componente sólido, y tienen como ventaja permitir su aplicación in situ sin necesidad de recurrir a técnicas quirúrgicas invasivas, garantizando una buena recuperación; razón por la que son considerados una buena alternativa para reemplazar las técnicas convencionales para la reparación de defectos óseos, las cuales incluyen, principalmente, el uso de aloinjertos y autoinjertos, que generan una serie de reacciones adversas y tienen desventajas tanto para el médico como para el paciente. En Colombia no se encuentran reportes acerca del desarrollo de sustitutos óseos; esto genera la necesidad de investigar un material compuesto que tenga potencial aplicación como sustituto óseo inyectable. En la presente investigación se fabricaron sustitutos óseos de hidroxiapatita -fosfato de calcio que mayor similitud presenta con el tejido óseo-, sintetizada en nanobarras, con tamaño y forma similar a como se dispone naturalmente en el hueso; y la fibroína de seda extraída de los capullos del gusano Bombyx mori, como polímero natural de naturaleza proteica con altas propiedades mecánicas y excelente biocompatibilidad. Los materiales fabricados se caracterizaron por degradación en solución fisiológica a temperatura corporal, absorción de agua, inyectabilidad y resistencia mecánica. Los sustitutos óseos fabricados presentaron buenas propiedades de degradación y absorción, una inyectabilidad aproximada del 97 % y baja resistencia mecánica, mostrando propiedades promisorias para usarse como sustituto óseo inyectable.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo Os substitutos ósseos injetáveis são materiais compostos que têm a propriedade de deixar-se extruir através de um dispositivo; constam de uma fase sólida imersa em uma matriz que permite o fácil movimento do componente sólido, e têm como vantagem permitir sua aplicação in situ sem necessidade de recorrer a técnicas cirúrgicas invasivas, garantindo uma boa recuperação; razão pela qual são considerados uma boa alternativa para substituir as técnicas convencionais para a reparação de defeitos ósseos, as quais incluem, principalmente, o uso de aloenxertos e autoenxertos, que geram uma série de reações adversas e têm desvantagens tanto para o médico como para o paciente. Na Colômbia não se encontram relatos acerca do desenvolvimento de substitutos ósseos; isto gera a necessidade de pesquisar um material composto que tenha potencial aplicação como substituto ósseo injetável. Na presente pesquisa fabricaram-se substitutos ósseos de hidroxiapatita -fosfato de cálcio que maior semelhança apresenta com o tecido ósseo-, sintetizada em nanobarras, com tamanho e forma similar àquela que se dispõe naturalmente no osso; e a fibroína de seda extraída dos casulos do bicho da seda Bombyx mori, como polímero natural de natureza proteica com altas propriedades mecânicas e excelente biocompatibilidade. Os materiais fabricados caracterizaram-se por degradação em solução fisiológica à temperatura corporal, absorção de água, injetabilidade e resistência mecânica. Os substitutos ósseos fabricados apresentaram boas propriedades de degradação e absorção, uma injetabilidade aproximada de 97% e baixa resistência mecânica, mostrando propriedades promissoras para usar-se como substituto ósseo injetável.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[biomaterials]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[bone substitutes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ceramics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[composite materials]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[polymers]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[biomateriales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cerámicos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[materiales compuesto]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[polímeros]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sustitutos óseos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[biomateriais]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[cerâmicos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[materiais compostos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[polímeros]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[substitutos ósseos]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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