1794-4449

S1794-44492022000200229

10.22507/rli.v19n2a15

Colombia

00 12 2022

19 2 229 257

2020 42 1 1

249-68

1999 89 4 4

982993

2020

2009

2017 17 4 4

959-75

2020 149 3 3

803-31

2018 29 7 7

840-52

2020 9 6 6

239

2008 74 2 2

2 5 7-271

Barómetro Global de la Corrupción - Unión Europea 2021

2009

2019 50 1 1

12-63

2015 5 4 4

207-12

2020 41 1 1

2021 15 29 29

2020 38 1 1

78-94

2017 90

115-27

2016 18 2 2

127-48

2006 30 2 2

222-39

2019 45 3 3

308-27

2019 35

451-64

2021 138 138

e75566

2021 42 1 1

2020 36 157 157

2020 14 27 27

454-68

2021 24 56 56

25-51

2014 37

202-15

2020 8 3 3

165184

2010 145 3 3

435-60

1977 40 1 1

2006 90 6 6

1 053-72

2021 21 1 1

75-96

2018 151 1 1

179-94

2016 9 4 4

427

2021 22 2 2

139-64

2017 77 77

147-66

2013 3 4 4

395

International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research 2011 a

International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research 2011 b

2019

2009 26 1 1

42-50

2009 37 3 3

521-32

2021 86 1 1

2019 67 4 4

1039-48

2009

1998 69 2 2

263279

2019 27 2 2

2014 74 3 3

346359

2020 2020 E38 E38

43-57

2017 40 11 11

954-67

2021 99 3 3

530-46

2014 65 5 5

878-90

2008 33 3 3

750-70

2021 17 2 2

2020 20 1 1

880

2014 14 1 1

62-95

2014

185-203

2021 75 3 3

281-95

2021 9 2 2

230-54

2021 21 2 2

317-35

2020 1

2020

98-201

2021 41 2 2

65-88

2021 13 1 1

1-34

2014 11 2 2

6-16

2010 16 2 2

131-40

2022 43 1 1

2021 9 2 2

108-16

2020

1993 108 3 3

599-617

2021 39 7 7

2005 19 3 3

19-42

2018 4 3 3

1998 45 4 4

559-94

Transparency International 2020

Transparency International 2021

2000 76 3 3

399-457

2007 10 1 1

211-44

2021 11 2 2

243260

UNODC y Corrupción

2021 39 6 6

2020 40 1 1

45-9

2016 22 3 3

439475

Springer 2007

2013

336-69

2016

2020 849 1 1

012013

Atlantis Press 2017

300-3

2020 123 1 1

321-35

2015 18 3 3

429-72

2020 111 111

305-20