2145-7719 2145-7719 S2145-77192022000100111 10.21615/cesder.6395 Colombia 00 06 2022 00 06 2022 13 1 111 132

2020 8 1 1 260-93 2018 29 29 3-23 2019 22 44 44 7-10 2001 25 3 3 479-98 2012 82 82 827-46 1999 15 1 1 123-37 2021 2019 2018 41 1-12 2019 10 1 1 35-51 1989 14 9-22 2019 2003 2020 21 1 1 2018 65-96 2017 2019 2018 2019 2020 2017 2011 2014 16 26 26 211-49 2015 2019 46 5-28 2020 2012 82 827-46 2004 MCKINSEY GLOBAL INSTITUTE 2017 2018 6 1 1 299-327 2017 2019 8 1 1 167-83 2019 94-106 2020 36 695-728 1989 2018 2 2018 2018 9 2020 2018 2017 16 31 31 103-23 2014 47 1-10 2000 31 2019 2019 5 2 2 2019 75 255-66 2019 2021 17 1 1 475-98