Resumo

LEON G, NATALIA CATALINA. Solo la sangre salva: Bloody Repression and Political Memory in Guayaquil during the Administration of Camilo Ponce (1959). Anu. colomb. hist. soc. cult. [online]. 2018, vol.45, n.1, pp.339-366. ISSN 0120-2456.  https://doi.org/10.15446/achsc.v45n1.67563.

The population of Portoviejo and Guayaquil responded massively to the social crisis that broke out in Ecuador in mid-1959. Resorting to Martial Law, the administration of the Christian-Socialist Camilo Ponce opted for repression with the order to "shoot to kill", which resulted in hundreds dead. Since then, all levels of political power have attempted to dissipate the social memory of these events by silencing them. On the other hand, academia has addressed these events only in passing. Through the study of press articles of the period, as well as of official documents, the paper attempts to unravel the political and cultural web that has encouraged the inhibition of memory. It shows that the government repression, with its tragic toll, was legitimized on the basis of a political myth regarding a new "Bogotazo" and of a discourse that threatened the very existence of Guayaquil, both of which were widely disseminated by the media. Besides contributing to the historiography on Ecuador, the article seeks to foster the activation of a politics of memory.

Palavras-chave : (Author) multitude; protest; repression; (Thesaurus) collective memory; Ecuador.

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