Abstract

LOPEZ MEDINA, Segundo Eloy et al. Characterization of fruit, seed and fiber of Gossypium raimondii Ulbrich, a wild cotton ecotype. Cienc. Tecnol. Agropecuaria [online]. 2020, vol.21, n.1, pp.11-18.  Epub Dec 30, 2019. ISSN 0122-8706.  https://doi.org/10.21930/rcta.vol21_num1_art:1219.

In Peru, there are two endemic cotton species, namely G. barbadense L. and G. raimondii Ulbrich, which have been used since pre-Inca cultures. Currently, in Peru, the reevaluation and rescue of these species and their ecotypes are being carried out given a higher market demand, which seeks to avoid the use of artificial dyes. The current study was carried out, aiming at contributing to the characterization of the fruit, seed, and fiber of an ecotype of G. raimondii known as “wild cotton.” Plant mate- rial from the district of San Benito, province of Contumazá, and department of Cajamarca was used. The experimental phase was carried out in the Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology of Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, consisting of length and width measurements of cotton fruits, seeds, and fiber, as well as the number of locules and seeds per fruit. A statistical analysis of the descriptive type with 60 repetitions was considered for each component. The fruit had an average length of 2.14 cm and a width of 1.46 cm, with four locules. Seeds had an average length of 5.74 mm and a width of 3.25 mm, with an average of 23.6 seeds per fruit. On average, the fiber was 11.95 mm long and 7.34 µm wide. The characterization of the fruit, seed, and fiber of the “wild cotton” ecotype (G. raimondii) allows differentiating it from the "brown cotton" (G. barbadense) and the "green cotton" ecotype (G. raimondii). We recommend carrying out molecular studies that will help clarify the degree of relatedness of these species and ecotypes.

Keywords : cotton; cotton boll; Gossypium raimondii; textile industry; varieties.

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